Inter-American Court of Human Rights Case of Ximenes-Lopes v. Brazil Judgment of July 4, 2006 (Merits, Reparations and Costs) In the case of Ximenes-Lopes, The Inter-American Court of Human Rights (hereinafter “the Inter-American Court,” “the Court” or “the Tribunal”), composed of the following judges**: Sergio García-Ramírez, President; Alirio Abreu-Burelli, Vice-President; Antônio A. Cançado Trindade, Judge; Cecilia Medina-Quiroga, Judge; Manuel E. Ventura-Robles, Judge, and Diego García-Sayán, Judge, also present, Pablo Saavedra-Alessandri, Secretary, and Emilia Segares-Rodríguez, Deputy Secretary; pursuant to Articles 62(3) and 63(1) of the American Convention on Human Rights (hereinafter “the Convention” or “the American Convention”) and Articles 29, 31, 53(2), 56 and 58 of the Rules of Procedure of the Court (hereinafter “the Rules of Procedure”), delivers the following Judgment. I Introduction of the Case 1. On October 1, 2004, pursuant to the provisions of Articles 50 and 61 of the American Convention, the Inter-American Commission on Human Rights (hereinafter “the Commission” or “the Inter-American Commission”) filed before the Court an application against the Federal Republic of Brazil (hereinafter “the State” or “Brazil”) originated in Petition No. 12,237, filed before the Secretariat of the Commission on November 22, 1999. 2. The Commission filed the application for the Court to determine whether the State had violated the rights embodied in Articles 4 (Right to Life), 5 (Right to Humane Treatment), 8 (Right to a Fair Trial) and 25 (Right to Judicial Protection) of ** Judge Oliver Jackman informed the Court that, for reasons beyond his control, he would be unable to attend the deliberations and sign the instant judgment.