Inter-American Court of Human Rights Case of Cantoral-Benavides v. Peru Judgment of September 3, 1998 (Preliminary Objections) In the Cantoral Benavides Case, the Inter-American Court of Human Rights, composed of the following judges1: Hernán Salgado-Pesantes, President Antônio A. Cançado Trindade, Judge Máximo Pacheco-Gómez, Judge Oliver Jackman, Judge Sergio García-Ramírez, Judge Carlos Vicente de Roux-Rengifo, Judge Fernando Vidal-Ramírez, Judge ad hoc; also present: Manuel E. Ventura-Robles, Secretary, and Víctor M. Rodríguez-Rescia, Interim Deputy Secretary pursuant to Article 36(6) of the Rules of Procedure of the Inter-American Court of Human Rights (hereinafter "the Rules of Procedure"), renders the following judgment on the preliminary objections interposed by the Republic of Peru (hereinafter "the State" or "Peru"). I INTRODUCTION OF THE CASE 1. This case was submitted to the Inter-American Court of Human Rights (hereinafter "the Court" or "the Inter-American Court") by the Inter-American Commission on Human Rights (hereinafter "the Commission" or "the InterAmerican Commission") on August 8, 1996. It originated with petition No. 11.337 of April 18, 1994, received by the Secretariat of the Commission on April 20, 1994. 1 Judge Alirio Abreu-Burelli informed the Court that for reasons of force majeure he could not be present at the final deliberation and signing of this judgment.