50 216. The Commission will take into account in its analysis the phenomenon of internal forced displacement and its particular effect on especially vulnerable groups. In its Third Report published in 235 1999, a product of its 1997 in loco visit, the IACHR indicated that the nature and causes of this human rights situation in Colombia were numerous. To this end, it stressed that In addition to the violence associated with the armed conflict, especially violence attributable to extremists on both the right and the left, there are other sources of violence that bring death or other violations of fundamental rights. Drug trafficking, abuses of authority, socio-economic violence rooted in social injustice and land disputes are but some of the sources of violence which 236 have led to the deterioration of the human rights situation in Colombia. 217. In this respect, in Admissibility Report No.86/06, the Commission took into account that the Guiding Principles of Internally Displaced Persons issued in 1998 by the Representative of the United Nations Secretary General proved to be particularly relevant in defining the content and breadth of Article 22 of the Convention in the context of an internal forced displacement and that given the situation of an internal armed conflict, the regulations on displacement contained in Protocol II to the 1949 Geneva Conventions are especially useful. Specifically, Article 17 of Protocol II prohibits the ordering of the displacement of the civilian population for reasons related to the conflict, unless the security of the civilians involved or imperative military reasons so demand. In this case, "all possible measures" shall be taken "in order that the civilian population may be received under satisfactory conditions of shelter, 237 hygiene, health, safety and nutrition." In this regard, the Inter-American Court has confirmed the utility and applicability of the said rules and has also resorted to the criteria established by the Constitutional Court of Colombia in the sense that "in the case of Colombia, the application of these rules by the parties in the conflict is particularly imperative and important since the current armed conflict has seriously affected the civilian population as demonstrated, for example, by the shocking data on the forced 238 displacement of individuals." 218. In addition, the Inter-American Court has established that "under the terms of the American Convention, the differentiated situation of displaced persons places States under the obligation to give them preferential treatment and to take positive steps to reverse the effects of the said condition of weakness, vulnerability, and defenselessness, also vis-à-vis actions and practices of private third 239 parties." …continuation (a) violence to life and person, in particular murder of all kinds, mutilation, cruel treatment and torture; (b) taking of hostages;
 
 (c) outrages upon personal dignity, in particular humiliating and degrading treatment; (d) the passing of sentences and the carrying out of executions without previous judgment pronounced by a regularly constituted court, affording all the judicial guarantees which are recognized as indispensable by civilized peoples. (2) The wounded and sick shall be collected and cared for. An impartial humanitarian body, such as the International Committee of the Red Cross, may offer its services to the Parties to the conflict.
 The Parties to the conflict should further endeavor to bring into force, by means of special agreements, all or part of the other provisions of the present Convention. The application of the preceding provisions shall not affect the legal status of the Parties to the conflict." 234 See IACHR. Case of the Río Negro Community of the Indigenous Maya People and its members (Río Negro Massacre) July 14, 2010, para. 228. 235 The Commission conducted an in loco visit to Colombia between December 1, and 8, 1997. Annex 15. IACHR. Third Report on the Situation of Human Rights in Colombia. OEA/Ser.L/V/II.102 Doc. 9 rev. 1, February 26, 1999, Introduction, para. 14. 236 Annex 15. Third Report on the Human Rights Situation in Colombia. OEA/Ser.L/V/II.102 Doc. 9 rev. 1, February 26, 1999, Ch. I, para. 1. At: http://www.cidh.org/countryrep/Colom99en/table%20of%20contents.htm. 237 Article 17 of Protocol II to the 1949 Geneva Conventions. 238 IACHR., Report No.86/06, Petition 499-04, Admissibility, Marino López et al.(Operation Genesis) Colombia, October 21, 2006, para. 43. 239 para. 179. I/A Court H.R., Case of the “Mapiripán Massacre” v. Colombia. Judgment of September 15, 2005. Series C No. 134,