Convention, the aforementioned provision 63(2) is found after the provisions of
Articles 61 and 62, which refer to said jurisdiction, and before Article 64, which
refers to advisory jurisdiction, from which it becomes evident that the first three
rules comprise a whole. The same happens with the Rules of Procedure of the
Court, where the provisional measures are addressed in Article 27, i.e., in Title II
"Procedure" thereof.
Furthermore, it should be recalled that Article 62(3) of the Convention states:
"[t]he jurisdiction of the Court shall comprise all cases concerning the interpretation
and application of the provisions of this Convention that are submitted to it, provided
that the States Parties to the case recognize or have recognized such jurisdiction,
whether by special declaration pursuant to the preceding paragraphs, or by a special
agreement."
Therefore, the harmonious interpretation of the aforementioned conventional rules
lead to the conclusion that "the matters before" the Court, and the scope within
which provisional measures may be ordered, can be no other than "case[s] on the
interpretation and application of the provisions of this Convention brought before it"
in the exercise of its jurisdiction, that is, in those which it delivers justice, and in
those which it rules on.
Thus, it must be borne in mind, firstly, that according to its ordinary meaning,4 a
meaning of the term "to know" is to "[h]ear an issue with the legitimate power to
do so."5 The example provided is "[t]he judge hearing the case." 6 Therefore, it can
be said that the jurisdiction of the Court with respect to the "case" that is "brought"
before it, consists in solving or ruling on whether the provisions of the Convention
have been interpreted and applied therein. This is what the Court hears. Therefore,
the authority of the Court to "hear" a contentious case translates as "ruling on it."
Secondly, the aforementioned theory states that provisional measures are in order,
as a general rule, during the course of a contentious case, and the words "matters"
and "cases" must be understood for the purposes indicated, as synonyms. And this
is, firstly, because of the ordinary meaning of such terms.7 While among the
meanings of the term "matter" are the "[m]aterial concerned" and "the case,"8 in
relation to the latter it states that "[m]aterial concerned or proposed to consult
someone and ask for their opinion" and "[a]ny matters investigated by the police or
matters that are settled at trial before the courts."9
set forth by Article 2 of the Statute of the Court. And perhaps as a result, the Rules of Procedure of the
Court refer to Title II as "Procedure" and Title III as "Advisory Opinions."
4
Article 31(1) of the 1969 Vienna Convention on the Law of Treaties.
5
Dictionary of the Spanish Language, Real Academia Española, Twenty-Second Edition, Madrid,
Spain, 2001.
6
Idem.
7
Idem.
Idem.
8
9
Idem.
2