violent, sudden, and instantaneous. All of the foregoing is consistent with a gunshot from close range and very probably suicide.51 75. According to the "list of physical evidence" submitted by the Chief of Police of Chimborazo Province to the National Police Commissioner of Riobamba Canton, the following were collected: 3 cartridge cases, 1 ballpoint pen, 1 red handlebar, 2 discharged rounds, one of them with cement, 1 Smith & Wesson .38 revolver, utility belt and holster with its accessories, and 8 undischarged .38 rounds. 52 An "evidence" record of the National Bureau of Investigations of the National Police dated December 15, 1992, states that the following objects were collected: 1 Smith & Wesson .38 revolver with a modified barrel; 1 olive green nylon belt, 1 brown leather revolver holder, used, with an attached brown holster, used; 5 cartridges, .38 caliber; paraffin residue on the right hand of Jorge Valencia Hinojosa; 1 black ballpoint pen, used; 1 gold handlebar, used. Attached to that report was a "note" stating that at the National Police criminalistics laboratory there were: 6 cartridges, .38 caliber; 6 cartridge cases, .38 caliber; 2 projectile fragments. 53 76. On December 4, 1992, the experts designated by the National Police Commissioner of the Canton to perform an examination of a firearm, projectiles, and other objects, indicated that the .38 long Smith & Wesson revolver with the serial number AUF2290 on the grip had a cylinder with six rounds "three of which are discharged.” They also stated that a holster was found that consisted of an olive green nylon belt for 12 projectiles, with eight projectiles found intact, that is, not discharged, as well as a plastic holder containing three cartridges of the same caliber; and two fragments of discharged and deformed lead bullets with traces or residue of a dry lime mixture, possibly from the wall.54 77. The report of the medical experts Carlos Moreno Paredes and Pedro Usiña Castañeda regarding the autopsy was submitted on December 7, 1992, and stated that Mr. Valencia Hinojosa had died of a “massive brain hemorrhage ” caused “by the impact of a bullet that traveled from right to left, front to back, and upward.”55 The body was described as having been found lying “face up” and the shot that ended his life was "from right to left, front to back, and upward.” 56 As an "appendix" to that report there is a note from the National Police Medical Doctor, Alberto Lema Carpio, who said that "virtual Tardieu spots were automatically ruled out as they have to occur within a context of asphyxia ... as part of a panorama of injuries ..., they cannot 51 Appendix 20. Autopsy. December 4, 1992. Autopsy report. December 4, 1992. Appendix to the State’s communication of February 7, 2011, received at the IACHR on February 14, 2011. 52 Appendix 21. List of physical evidence. December 4, 1992. Appendix to the State’s communication of February 7, 2011, received at the IACHR on February 14, 2011. 53 Appendix 22. National Police of Ecuador, Evidence. December 15, 1992. Appendix to the State’s communication of February 7, 2011, received at the IACHR on February 14, 2011. 54 Appendix 23. National Police Commissioner of Riobamba Canton. Record of firearm examination. December 4, 1992. (Appendix to the State’s communication of February 7, 2011, received at the IACHR on February 14, 2011). 55 Appendix 24. Report of the medical experts to the National Police Commissioner, December 7, 1992. Appendix 9 to the State’s communication of February 7, 2011, received at the IACHR on February 14, 2011. 56General inspection/Head, face, ears covered with blood; small, 4mm diameter excoriation on the bridge of the nose; bruising on the both inferior palpebrals , bleeding from both ears and from the nose, distal cyanosis of both hands, livor and rigor mortis; in the right temporal bone we found an elliptical wound with inverted edges measuring six centimeters long by one centimeter wide, running forward and downward, the exterior of the right outer ear and the lower end eight centimeter from the inferior edge of the right ear lobe; at the lower edge the anterior two thirds of the wound is blackened (Fisch ring). In the posterior left parietal region there is a wound with uneven edges ... measuring four by two centimeters with the presence of brain matter and some bone fragments. On the edge of the scalp we noted hematomas on the inner surface of the wounds described externally; in the squamous part of the right temporal bone there is a 1 centimeter-wide orifice with regular edges; in the left posterior parietal region we found an elliptical orifice measuring 2.5 by 1.5 centimeters; from the lower edge of this orifice two fracture lines part from the lower edge of this orifice in an inverted V-shape, from the superior edge of the orifice in the right temporal bone and from its anterior edge parts a fracture line that circumscribes the squamous part of the right temporal bone, joins the fracture of the vertex, and descends to the right side of the os occipitale. Appendix 24. Report of the medical experts to the National Police Commissioner, December 7, 1992. Appendix 9 to the State’s communication of February 7, 2011, received at the IACHR on February 14, 2011.