16
e)
Witness Axel Mejía Paíz, a sociologist.
He lives in Guatemala. He has worked for Asociación Casa Alianza for fifteen
years; at Casa Alianza, he is the Coordinator of the Missing Children Program,
and he is therefore associated with the Comisión Nacional de Búsqueda de la
Niñez Desaparecida (CNBND), set up on June 21, 2001.
The Comisión Nacional de Búsqueda de la Niñez Desaparecida carries out
actions to document, seek and find children missing from the time of the
armed conflict. It does this by means of five main work areas: investigation,
psychosocial support, legal affairs, advocacy, and social communication.
He believes that the next of kin are the main protagonists in these processes.
At various meetings, he has urged the State to provide access to information
from all files on children who were placed in orphanages or institutions that
functioned during the armed conflict, as well as any files the army may have
on children who were captured and taken to military institutions. However,
he has received no positive response. Since 90% of the disappearances of
children were conducted by the army, 90% of the documented cases cannot
yet be solved. The Comisión Nacional de Búsqueda de la Niñez Desaparecida
has managed to document close to 1000 cases of missing children throughout
the country, including 10 different ethnic groups, and 90% of these cases
involve Mayan indigenous population. About 120 of those 1000 cases have
been solved, and families were reunited in 80 of them. This means that
children who were separated from their family 20 or 22 years ago have
managed to see their parents again. The Report of the Historical Elucidation
Committee [Comisión para el Esclarecimiento Histórico] states that there
were 600 massacres in which children were captured and taken to military
centers, orphanages or State Institutions that fostered adoptions. The number
of adoptions grew in Guatemala from 1979 to 1984. Estimates are that
roughly 4,500 to 5,000 children disappeared during the armed conflict in
Guatemala.
The REMHI Report recorded the case of Marco Antonio Molina Theissen and
the Comisión Nacional de Búsqueda de la Niñez Desaparecida also
documented it and undertook investigative actions by preparing a search map
that defined three sources for basic information.
The first was the
orphanages, where the investigation has already been carried out but was
fruitless. It has not been feasible to exhaust the other two sources of
information, because the State has not provided access to the information
that might exist in the Quetzaltenango military zone and it has not been
possible to analyze whatever information the Estado Mayor Presidencial
[Military Intelligence Unit] might have. Based on information obtained
documenting Marco Antonio Molina Theissen´s case, they reached the
conclusion that it was a military intelligence practice directed against leaders
but also against members of families linked to social activities or who
expressed their disagreement with the policies of the State, with the aim of
paralyzing, harming and affecting the family. Marco Antonio Molina Theissen
was the most vulnerable member of the family because he was the youngest,
because he was a child, and because he was the only boy. The Comisión
Nacional de Búsqueda de la Niñez Desaparecida has documented this practice
with respect to five families. These families were harmed by the kidnapping
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