4. Adopt such measures as may be necessary to prevent a recurrence of such events. In particular, implement permanent human rights training programs for the various police agencies, Public Prosecution Service personnel, and judicial officials in order to eradicate indiscriminate use of force in the investigation of criminal acts and in the arrest and detention of those responsible for them. In addition, where such conduct occurs, ensure that effective investigations are immediately opened ex officio, with gender perspective when necessary, in order to identify, prosecute, and punish those responsible. 21