2 TABLE OF CONTENTS I INTRODUCTION OF THE CASE AND PURPOSE OF THE DISPUTE .............................. 4 II PROCEEDINGS BEFORE THE COURT .................................................................. 5 III JURISDICTION ............................................................................................. 6 IV PRELIMINARY OBJECTIONS ............................................................................ 7 A. Arguments of the State and observations of the Commission and the representatives ... 7 B. Considerations of the Court .................................................................................... 8 1. Inclusion of Article 16 of the Convention in the Merits Report ................................. 9 2. Temporal delimitation of the analysis of judicial actions ....................................... 10 V EVIDENCE .................................................................................................... 11 A. Documentary, testimonial and expert evidence ....................................................... 11 B. Admission of the evidence.................................................................................... 11 1. Admission of the documentary evidence............................................................. 11 2. Admission of the testimonial and expert evidence ............................................... 11 C. Assessment of the evidence ................................................................................. 12 VI FACTS ........................................................................................................ 13 A. The Industrial Communities in Peru ....................................................................... 13 B. Background, functions and responsibilities of Mr. Lagos del Campo as president of the Electoral Committee of the Industrial Community ........................................................... 16 C. The dismissal of Mr. Lagos del Campo and the applicable legal framework ................. 17 D. Actions filed by Mr. Lagos del Campo .................................................................... 21 1. Application for review of dismissal ..................................................................... 21 2. Application for amparo and nullity ..................................................................... 22 3. Application for amparo before the Constitutional Court ........................................ 23 E. The situation of Mr. Lagos del Campo after his dismissal .......................................... 25 VII MERITS ..................................................................................................... 25 VII-1.............................................................................................................. 26 FREEDOM OF THOUGHT AND EXPRESSION, RIGHT TO A FAIR TRIAL, JOB SECURITY, FREEDOM OF ASSOCIATION, AND DOMESTIC LEGAL EFFECTS ................................ 26 (ARTICLES 13, 8, 26, 16, 1(1) AND 2 OF THE AMERICAN CONVENTION) ................. 26 A. Arguments of the parties and of the Commission .................................................... 27 1. Freedom of expression and the right to a fair trial ............................................... 27 2. Freedom of association .................................................................................... 28 3. Domestic legal effects ...................................................................................... 29 B. Considerations of the Court .................................................................................. 29 1. Freedom of expression and judicial guarantees ................................................... 29 1.1 Freedom of expression in labor contexts ............................................................ 30 1.2 Analysis of the necessity and reasonableness of the restriction in this case............. 32 1.2.1 Classification of Mr. Lagos del Campo’s statements............................................. 33 1.2.2. Legality and purpose ..................................................................................... 37 1.2.3. Necessity for the restriction and obligation to state reasons ................................ 38 2. Violation of job security ................................................................................... 41 2.1 Arguments on labor rights ................................................................................ 41 2.2 The right to job security as a protected right ...................................................... 44 3. Violations of freedom of association ................................................................... 49 4. Domestic legal effects ...................................................................................... 52 5. General conclusion .......................................................................................... 52 VII-2.............................................................................................................. 52 ACCESS TO JUSTICE ......................................................................................... 52 (ARTICLES 8 AND 25 OF THE AMERICAN CONVENTIONA) ...................................... 52 A. Arguments of the parties and of the Commission .................................................... 52 B. Considerations of the Court .................................................................................. 53 1. Access to justice to protect job security as a right recognized in the Constitution .... 54 2. Conclusion ..................................................................................................... 58 VIII ............................................................................................................... 58 REPARATIONS ................................................................................................. 58 (APPLICATION OF ARTICLE 63(1) OF THE AMERICAN CONVENTION) ..................... 58