6 held,” and the file remained at the Children and Adolescents Appeals Chamber, based on the judgment of first instance. b. The judge of the original proceedings disqualified herself from the case in question, “forwarding it to the next corresponding judge, who also disqualified himself, and so on, until it reached the Second Children and Adolescents Court”; c. Regarding the procedural time frames, the State’s response indicates that “all the procedural norms governing the children and adolescents jurisdiction establish a summary procedure, under which the court of first instance has only six days to issue a decision. In addition, the courts of appeal have 10 days from the start of the appeal proceedings to deliver a ruling”;28 d) On November 10, 2010, the Commission decided to grant precautionary measures, after analyzing the situation and “in view of a lack of progress in the proceedings and the irreparable effects that these delays could cause and were causing, to the detriment of L.M.” In its communication, the Commission indicated that: Based on the principle of the best interests of the child, it is appropriate to grant precautionary measures in the terms of Article 25(1) of [the Commission’s] Rules of Procedure so as to ensure that the time factor does not become a determining element for the domestic courts, to the detriment to the rights of the child, L.M. Consequently it asks the Government to: 1. Take the necessary measures to ensure that the proceedings concerning the custody and care of the child L.M. are decided within three months, and 2. To report on the steps taken to comply with this precautionary measure. e) On December 29, 2010, in response to the request for precautionary measures, the State confirmed the existence of the different domestic proceedings relating to this matter, and the fact that none had achieved a final ruling on the situation and custody of L.M., or on his contact with his biological nuclear or extended family.29 In addition, it indicated that “since December this year (referring to 2010), most of the case files, with the exception of the criminal case file, are at the same court due to the joinder of actions and to assist the judge in examining them.” In addition, “all the parties have taken advantage of the rights granted them by law, and have requested the judicial authorities to make different rulings, which has resulted in disqualifications, recusals, appeals, discontinuation of appeals, all of which are being decided at the request of the parties in the different proceedings,” and that “these are following their normal procedural course”; f) On February 22, 2011, the representatives of the possible beneficiary submitted additional information indicating that, in the last three months, the main custody file has been paralyzed because, owing to the recusals and disqualifications, it had not been possible to assemble three judges who accepted competence to decide the appeal filed against the judgment of October 19, 2010. In addition, they indicated that the contact proceedings initiated in November 2010 remained without a decision and that, in these proceedings, six judges from the children’s and adolescents’ jurisdiction had disqualified themselves, which had resulted in a delay “of around 40 days to begin processing the cases.” They added that, in the proceedings to challenge the paternity of V.H.R., a DNA test had not been carried out, even though the latter had asked that it be conducted as soon as possible in order to end this litigation; g) On March 26, 2011, a working meeting was held at the seat of the Commission, attended by the petitioners and representatives of the proposed beneficiary, the State of Paraguay, and L.S., biological mother of L.M. At this meeting, the 28 Cf. Response of the State of Paraguay to the IACHR of August 23, 2010 (attachment 23 to the request for provisional measures submitted by the Commission). 29 Cf. Brief of the State of Paraguay to the IACHR of December 29, 2010 (attachment 23 to the request for provisional measures submitted by the Commission).

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