15 42. Its inclusion in the Vienna Convention reconstituted the pacta sunt servanda as an axiomatic paradigm: it came to form part of a convention on codification, which undeniably established its broad scope. However, long before the enshrinement of the pact sunt servanda in the Vienna Convention of 1969, 60 it had become, more than a general rule of treaty interpretation, a norm of customary international law or a veritable general principle of international law, endowed with wide jurisprudential recognition. 61 43. Treaty law is closely related to the tenets of International Law, including the area of law concerning the international responsibility of States. 62 The scope of the pacta sunt servanda rule, as with the previous issue of the validity of International Law norms, transcends the sphere of treaty law. 63 Regardless, the pacta sunt servanda rule finds itself profoundly rooted in the system of International Law as a whole. 64 I trust that Trinidad and Tobago will know, in light of the international obligations that it has assumed, and bearing in mind the established principle of international law pact sunt servanda, to fulfil, in good faith, the obligations of the present Judgment of the Inter-American Court of Human Rights on the merits and reparations in the Hilaire, Constantine and Benjamin et al Case. Antônio Augusto Cançado Trindade Judge Manuel E. Ventura Robles Secretary 59 620. Ian Brownlie, Principles of Public International Law, 5th edition, Oxford University Press, 1998, p. 60 Cf. Lord McNair, The Law of Treaties, Oxford, Clarendon Press, 1961, pp. 493 and 505; and, for the historical and doctrinal evolution of the rule of pacta sunt servanda, cf., e.g. M. Sibert, “The Pact Sunt Servanda Rule: From the Middle Ages to the Beginning of Modern Times,” 5 Indian Yearbook of International Affairs (1956) pp. 219-226; J.B. Whitton, “La règle pacta sunt servanda,” 49 Recueil des Cours de l’Académiede Droit International de La Haye (1934) pp. 151-268. 61 E. de la Guardia and M. Delpech, El Derecho de los Tratados y la Convención de Viena, Buenos Aires, La Ley, 1970, p. 276. 62 Paul Reuter, Introduciton au droit des traits, 2nd edition, Paris, PUF, 1985, p.32. 63 Perhaps the ultimate foundation for international obligations is of metalegal origin; J.L. Brierly, The Basis of Obligation in International Law, Oxford, Clarendon Press, 1958, p. 65; J.L. Brierly, The Law of Nations, 6th edition, Oxford, Clarendon Press, 1963, p. 54. 64 M. Lachs, “Pact Sunt Servanda,” in Encyclopedia of Public International Law, (edited by R. Bernhardt), vol. 7, Amsterdam, North-Hollarnd/ Max Planck Institut, 1984, pp. 364-371.