and other decisions made by the Court, 34 and rectify any obvious mistakes, clerical
errors or calculation errors.35 All these matters, except the latter, are, incidentally,
addressed in the Rules of Procedure as part of Title II "Procedure" and before the
start of Title III "Advisory opinions."
Considering, therefore, the principle of public law that you can only do what the
rule orders, the aforementioned actions are the only actions the Court may
undertake in a contentious case that has already been ruled on; furthermore, they
must all be exclusively addressing compliance with the respective judgment by the
State concerned.
III.- Lack of authority.
In short, the treaty rules, statutes and regulations do not explicitly include
provisional measures among the proceedings that follow the relevant judgment.
There is no rule that allows the Court to proceed with provisional measures after it
has ruled on the contentious case in question.
Thus it would not be possible to apply to the institution of provisional measures
"the theory of inherent powers" since they, by their very nature, were conceived as
powers that an international organization requires to comply with the roles not
provided for, however, in its base Convention or constituent Treaty 36 and thus such
powers must be understood to be granted. In contrast, these powers are expressly
awarded the Court, and are therefore are "explicit," they are found in Article 63(2)
of the Convention and this rule must be adhered to, which is the rule that should be
applied or, if appropriate, interpreted. Therefore, it is not possible that the "theory
of implicit powers" principle be applied with regard to such measures, as, in
contrast, occurred with the provisions in the report submitted by the Court to the
OAS General Assembly, where, based on the provisions of the Convention,37 and in
the Statute of the Court,38 the monitoring of compliance with judgments 39 was
established in the Rules of Procedure and thus a procedural institution.40
34
Art.69 of the Rules of Procedure of the Court.
35
Art.76 of the Rules of Procedure of the Court.
36
Cour Internationale de Justice. Réparation des dommages subis au service des Nations Unies.
Avis Consultatif du 11 avril 1949: “[d]e l'avis de la Cour, l'[O] rganisation était destinée à exercer des
fonctions et à jouir de droits - et elle l'a fait - qui ne peuvent s'expliquer que si l'Organisation possède
une large mesure de personnalité internationale et la capacité d'agir sur le plan international. Elle est
actuellement le type le plus élevé d'organisation internationale, et elle ne pourrait répondre aux
intentions de ses fondateurs si elle était dépourvue de la personnalité internationale. On doit admettre
que ses Membres, en lui assignant certaines fonctions, avec les devoirs et les responsabilités qui les
accompagnent, l'ont revêtue de la compétence nécessaire pour lui permettre de s'acquitter
effectivement de ces fonctions.”
37
Arts. 65 and 68 of the Convention.
38
Art. 30 of the Statute of the Court
39
Art. 60 of the Convention.
40
Cf. Case of Baena Ricardo et al. v. Panama. Competence. Judgment of November 28, 2003.
Series C No. 104, para. 100: "[T]he legal grounds for the authority of the Inter-American Court to
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