the logical lines of investigation; b) Investigate with due diligence, including all the elements involved in the forced disappearance; c) identify and individualize the presumed intellectual and material perpetrators; d) ensure that the competent authorities conduct the pertinent investigations ex officio, and that they have available and use all the necessary logistical and scientific resources to collect and process the evidence and, specifically, that they have the authority to examine the relevant documentation and information in order to investigate the denounced acts and to conduct, in a timely manner, the essential actions and inquiries to shed light on what occurred; e) in view of the seriousness of the events and ongoing or permanent nature of Mr. Núñez Naranjo's disappearance, by principle and in accordance with relevant international law, provisions of statutes of application cannot be applied, nor can defenses of liability be invoked as a pretext to hinder the investigation,178 and f) in the investigation into the allegations of torture, the competent authorities must take into account the international standards for documentation and interpretation of forensic evidence proving the commission of acts of torture, particularly those defined in the "Manual on the Effective Investigation and Documentation of Torture and Other Cruel, Inhuman or Degrading Treatment or Punishment.179 C. Determination of the whereabouts of Mr. Fredy Núñez Naranjo 145. The Commission requested that the State be ordered to "[i]nvestigate [...] the whereabouts of Fredy Marcelo Núñez and, if applicable, take the necessary measures to identify and deliver his mortal remains to his relatives according to their wishes." 146. The representative did not address what was requested by the Commission. 147. The State reported that it has undertaken efforts aimed at complying with the recommendations of the Commission. In this regard, it pointed out that the Prosecutor General's Office was conducting investigations to gather evidence that would allow it to fulfill its international obligations and punish those responsible for the disappearance of Mr. Fredy Núñez. It stated that this investigation continues and that, for its effective compliance, "the State is operating in a coordinated manner with all competent institutions, to clarify the facts" and judicial guarantees and conventional standards have been met. Likewise, it pointed out some of the search procedures that have been carried out (supra note 93). 148. In the instant case, the whereabouts of Mr. Núñez Naranjo are still unknown (supra para. 45). The Court ruled that the State violated the rights to truth, to a fair trial, and judicial protection due to the insufficiency of the actions taken for their search (supra para. 120). The Court emphasizes that Mr. Núñez Naranjo has been a victim of forced disappearance for nearly 22 years, so it is a fair for his next of kin to have a reasonable expectation that his whereabouts would have been identified, which makes it a necessary reparation measure generating the correlative duty for the State to satisfy180 in order for the family to alleviate the anguish and suffering caused by the uncertainty.181 Cf. Case of Garzón Guzmán et al. v. Ecuador, supra, para. 104, and Case of Movilla Galarcio et al. v. Colombia, supra, para. 200. 179 Cf. Case of Vélez Loor v. Panama. Preliminary Objections, Merits, Reparations, and Costs. Judgment of November 23, 2010. Series C No. 218, para. 270, and Case of Valencia Campos et al. v. Bolivia. Preliminary Objection, Merits, Reparations, and Costs. Judgment of October 18, 2022. Series C No. 469, para. 313. 180 Cf. Case of Neira Alegría et al. v. Peru. Reparations and Costs. Judgment of September 19, 1996. Series C No. 29, para. 69, and Case of Flores Bedregal et al. v. Bolivia, supra, para. 184. 181 Cf. Case of Ticona Estrada et al. v. Bolivia, supra, para. 155, andCase of Flores Bedregal et al. v. Bolivia, supra, para. 184. 178 -40-