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- 89 - 478 Brief of the Attorney General’s Office presented on July 29, 1997 (evidence file, folios 4306 and 4307). 479 Expert opinion of Nigel Cantwell provided by affidavit on May 5, 2017 (evidence file, folio 6946). 480 Expert opinion of Nigel Cantwell provided by affidavit on May 5, 2017 (evidence file, folio 6959).

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I INTRODUCTION OF THE CASE AND SUBJECT MATTER OF THE DISPUTE5
II PROCEEDINGS BEFORE THE COURT6
III JURISDICTION8
IV STATE ACKNOWLEDGEMENT OF RESPONSIBILITY8
A. Acknowledgement by the State and observations of the Commission and of the representatives8
B. Considerations of the Court12
B.1 The facts12
B.2 The legal claims13
B.3 The reparations14
B.4 Assessment of the acknowledgement14
V PRELIMINARY CONSIDERATION ON THE PARTICIPATION OF J.R.15
A. Arguments of the parties and of the Commission15
B. Considerations of the Court16
VI EVIDENCE18
A. Documentary, testimonial and expert evidence18
B. Admission of the evidence18
C. Assessment of the evidence20
VII FACTS21
A. Context of irregular adoptions in Guatemala at the time of the events21
B. Applicable domestic legal framework at the time of the events26
B.1 Process for the declaration of abandonment26
B.2 Adoption procedure26
C. The brothers, Osmín Ricardo Tobar Ramírez and J.R., and their family28
C.1 Declaration of abandonment of the Ramírez brothers29
C.2 Application for judicial review of the declaration of abandonment34
C.3 Procedures for the adoption of the Ramírez brothers38
C.4 Appeals filed following the adoption of the Ramírez children40
D. Alleged harassment, aggression and threats against Gustavo Tobar Fajardo45
E. Current situation of the Ramírez family46
VIII MERITS47
VIII-1 RIGHTS TO FAMILY LIFE295 AND TO THE PROTECTION OF THE FAMILY,296 RIGHTS OF THECHILD,297 JUDICIAL GUARANTEES298 AND JUDICIAL PROTECTION,299 IN RELATION TO47
A. General considerations on the rights of the child49
B. Declaration of abandonment50
B.1 Arguments of the Commission and of the parties50
B.2 Considerations of the Court52
C. Adoption procedures62
C.1 Arguments of the Commission and of the parties62
C.2 Considerations of the Court63
D. Remedies filed against the family separation77
D.2 Considerations of the Court77
E.2 Considerations of the Court82
VIII-2 PROHIBITION OF HUMAN TRAFFICKING, JUDICIAL GUARANTEES AND JUDICIALPROTECTION, IN RELATION TO THE OBLIGATION TO RESPECT AND TO ENSURE RIGHTS93
A. Arguments of the parties and of the Commission93
B. Considerations of the Court94
VIII-3 RIGHT TO PERSONAL LIBERTY, IN RELATION TO THE OBLIGATION TO RESPECT AND TO ENSURE RIGHTS AND THE DUTY TO ADOPT DOMESTIC LEGAL PROVISIONS101
A. Arguments of the parties and of the Commission102
B. Considerations of the Court102
B.1 Legality of residential care104
B.2 Purpose and suitability of residential care106
B.3 Need for residential care106
B.4 Duty to regulate, monitor and supervise110
B.5 Conclusion111
VIII-4 RIGHT TO A NAME582 OF OSMÍN TOBAR RAMÍREZ IN RELATION TO THE OBLIGATION TO RESPECT AND TO ENSURE RIGHTS112
A. Arguments of the parties and of the Commission112
B. Considerations of the Court112
VIII-5 RIGHT TO PERSONAL INTEGRITY IN RELATION TO THE OBLIGATION TO RESPECT ANDTO ENSURE RIGHTS114
A. Arguments of the parties and of the Commission114
B. Considerations of the Court114
IX REPARATIONS116
A. Injured party117
B. Measures of restitution117
B.1 Re-establishment of the family ties of the Ramírez family117
B.2 Measures to amend the birth certificate of Osmín Tobar Ramírez and restore the legal family relationship119
C. Obligation to investigate the facts of this case120
D. Measures of satisfaction and guarantees of non-repetition121
D.1 Organization of a public act to acknowledge international responsibility121
D.2 Preparation of an audiovisual documentary122
D.3 Publication of the judgment122
E. Other measures requested124
F. Compensation125
F.1 Pecuniary damage125
F.2 Non-pecuniary damage126
G. Costs and expenses127
H. Reimbursement of expenses to the Victims’ Legal Assistance Fund128
I. Method of compliance with the payments ordered128
X OPERATIVE PARAGRAPHS129
DECIDES,129
DECLARES,129
AND ESTABLISHES,130

Ramírez Escobar y otros. Judgment. March 9, 2018

IACourt judgment

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Type

Costs
Merits
Reparations

Date: Mar 9, 2018

Mechanism

Corte Interamericana de Derechos Humanos

Number: C 351

Country

Guatemala

Signatories

Eduardo Ferrer Mac-Gregor Poisot
Elizabeth Odio Benito
Eugenio Raúl Zaffaroni
Humberto Antonio Sierra Porto
Leoncio Patricio Pazmiño Freire

Primary Documents

Ramirez Escobar y otros. Judgment. March 9, 2018.pdf
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Ramírez Escobar y otros. Sentencia de 9 de marzo de 2018.pdf
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Ramírez Escobar y otros. Sentencia de 9 de marzo de 2018.docx518.61 kB

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IACourt Documents5
- Order of the President IACHR2
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Mecanismo1
- Mechanism1
País1
- Country1
Signatories2
- Judge and/or Commissioners2

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