V
EVIDENCE
A. Admissibility of documentary evidence
26.
The Court received a number of documents submitted as evidence by the Commission,
the representatives and the State (supra paras. 1, 6 and 7). As in other cases, the Court
admits the documents in question because they were presented at the appropriate procedural
moment (Article 57 of the Rules of Procedure), 11 and their admissibility was neither contested
nor opposed.
B. Admissibility of testimonial and expert evidence
27.
This Court deems it appropriate to admit the statements rendered during the public
hearing 12 and by affidavit, 13 insofar as they are in keeping with the purpose defined by the
President and the Court in the orders requiring that they be submitted in this case. 14
VI
FACTS
28.
Based on the arguments submitted by the parties and the Commission, the relevant
facts of this case will be set forth in the following order: a) Ms. Raghda Habbal and her son
and daughters, and the obtaining of a certificate of Argentine citizenship; b) the revocation of
Ms. Habbal’s citizenship and her daughters’ permanent residence; c) the dismissal of the
criminal case against Ms. Habbal and the conviction of Mr. Al Kassar; d) the revocation of
Resolution 1088 on June 1, 2020; and e) the relevant regulatory framework applicable at the
time of the events.
A. Ms. Raghda Habbal and her son and daughters, and the obtaining of a
certificate of Argentine citizenship
29.
Ms. Raghda Habbal was born in 1964 in Damascus, Syria. 15 On June 21, 1990, she
traveled from Spain to Argentina with her three daughters Monnawar Al Kassar, Hifaa Al
Kassar, and Natasha Al Kassar. 16 On December 23, 1991, Mohamed René Al Kassar was born
in Argentina, the son of Ms. Habbal and her spouse, Monzer Al Kassar. 17
11
Cf. Case of Velásquez Rodríguez v. Honduras. Merits. Judgment of July 29, 1988. Series C No. 4, para. 140,
and Case of Guevara Díaz v. Costa Rica. Merits, reparations and costs. Judgment of June 22, 2022. Series C No. 453,
para. 24.
12
Expert testimony of Juan Ignacio Mondelli rendered at the public hearing in this case. In response to a
request from the Court at the public hearing, on April 28, 2022, the expert submitted a written version of his
testimony, which has since been incorporated into the evidence file of the case.
13
Expert testimony of Ignacio Odriozola rendered before a notary public on March 18, 2022 (evidence file, folio
2368 to 2449). The Court notes that the representatives withdrew the expert testimony of Emilio García Méndez.
Cf. Case of Habbal et al. v. Argentina. Call to hearing. Order of the President of the Inter-American Court of
Human Rights of February 22, 2022, and Case of Habbal et al. v. Argentina. Order of the Inter-American Court of
Human Rights of March 18, 2022.
14
15
Cf. National identity document of Raghda Habbal (evidence file, folio 6).
16
Cf. Document signed by the State’s Secretary of Intelligence (evidence file, folio 1422).
17
Cf. Civil Registry document attesting to the birth of Mohamed René Al Kassar (evidence file, folio 13).
9