to this principle are the facts classified as supervening and those facts with respect to which
knowledge or access is subsequently obtained, provided that they are linked to the facts of
the proceedings. All of the foregoing without prejudice to the fact that the presumed victims
and their representatives may allege the violation of rights other than those indicated by the
Commission in the Merits Report, as long as they abide by the facts contained in said
document. Ultimately, it is up to the Court to decide in each case about the admissibility of
arguments related to the factual framework in order to safeguard the procedural balance of
the parties.17
41.
In this regard, the State argued that the representatives in the pleadings and motions
brief presented "an expanded account of the facts," that is, new facts that were allegedly not
considered in the factual framework of the Merits Report, which it considers violates its right
of defense.
42.
Therefore, the State requested that the facts indicated by the representatives in
relation to: (a) “the affirmation on the increase in cases of kidnapping; (b) the creation of the
Anti-Kidnapping Command of the National Civil Police [which used…] illegal investigation
methods for people sentenced to death for the crime of kidnapping to obtain information on
other cases; (c) the organization of the Plan Cazador to capture and extrajudicially execute
the escapees from “El Infiernito” Prison in 2001; (d) the corruption and penetration of
organized crime in the apparatus of the State; (e) the political crisis generated by the murder
of three Salvadoran deputies and the execution in a cell of the four police officers identified as
perpetrators of their execution; (f) the contents of the wallet of Mr. Valenzuela Ávila's body;
(g) the facts that give rise to the affirmation that Guatemala violated the right to the family
of the alleged victim due to the harassment suffered by Mr. Valenzuela Ávila's wife and
children; (h) regarding the ex officio revocation made by the Seventh Chamber of the Court
of Appeals for the Criminal Branch based in Quetzaltenango, regarding the acquittal in first
instance of Mr. JLM, and (i) all the statements and accounts made by the representatives
regarding to the death of EMF and WBC, fugitives from “El Infiernito” prison and the content
of the recapture of: 1. MTL, 2. LAS, 3. JGP and 4. ILC within the framework of “Operation
Gavilán”.
43.
In effect, the Court notes that these facts argued by the representatives are not related
to the facts mentioned in the Merits Report and the death of Mr. Valenzuela Ávila, therefore
they will not be taken into account in the evidentiary analysis of this case.
44.
The State also requested that the facts alleged by the representatives in the pleadings
and motions brief related to the repressive criminal policy that includes the legal reform to
include the death penalty for kidnapping cases be discarded; an organization that operated
through an alleged “systematic pattern of extrajudicial executions”; the existence of groups
dedicated to social cleansing in the National Civil Police (hereinafter also “PNC”); and the
conclusions on “Operation Gavilán”, in relation to the extrajudicial execution of other fugitives
from “El Infiernito” prison. However, the Court notes that these facts alleged by the
representatives do form part of the factual framework of the Commission's Merits Report.
45.
Effectively, the Commission introduces a chapter in the Merits Report on the death of
the alleged victim and the framework of “Operation Gavilán”, in which it refers to: (a) the
creation of “Operation Gavilán”, for the search and recapture of the 19 people who escaped
from “El Infiernito” maximum security prison; (b) that within said operation, nine of the
Cf. Case of the “Mapiripán Massacre” v. Colombia. Merits, Reparations and Costs. Judgment of September 15,
2005. Series C No. 134, para. 58, and Case of Women victims of sexual torture in Atenco v. Mexico, supra, para. 45.
17
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