Concurring opinion of Judge Diego García-Sayán in relation to the
judgment of the Inter-American Court of Human Rights, in
Cepeda Vargas v. Colombia of May 26, 2010
1.
In this concurring opinion, I develop the grounds for my agreement with the decision
taken by the Court in the judgment in the case of Cepeda Vargas v. Colombia as regards
the positive assessment of the measures taken in the domestic sphere by the administrative
jurisdiction concerning the determination of compensation for loss of potential earnings, and
find that the amount established in that sphere was reasonable. My reasoning on this point
appears below.
2.
In this case, among other aspects, the Court considered two that I believe are
especially relevant. The first, that it was incumbent on the Court to assess whether the
“national mechanisms for determining forms of reparation […] satisfy criteria of objectivity,
reasonableness, and effectiveness to make adequate reparation for the violations of rights
recognized in the Convention that have been declared by this Court” (para. 246). The
second, that, in this case, the Court developed this attribution by determining that “it has
been determined that the next of kin of Senator Cepeda Vargas had access to the
administrative law courts, which established compensation for loss of potential earnings
based on objective and reasonable criteria. Consequently, the Court assesses positively the
measures taken by the domestic courts in this case, 1 and finds that the amount established
by these courts is reasonable in terms of its case law” (para. 246).
3.
In my opinion, the conclusion reached by the Court in the instant case on this issue
is supported by three fundamental factors. The first is the principle of the subsidiarity of the
international jurisdiction; the second, consists in substantive juridical and doctrinal
considerations concerning compensation for pecuniary damage, and the third, is the
verification by the Court of the conformity of the compensation decided internally with the
international obligation to make reparation.
I.
The principle of the subsidiarity of the international jurisdiction
4.
The preamble of the American Convention establishes a fundamental principle, which
is the subsidiarity of the inter-American human rights jurisdiction to the domestic
jurisdiction, when recognizing that the international protection of human rights “reinforc[es]
or complement[s] the protection provided by the domestic law of the American states.” This
subsidiarity is also embodied in Articles 46(1)(a) and 61(2) of the American Convention,
which stipulate the requirement of exhausting domestic remedies before having recourse to
lodging a petition before the inter-American system.
5.
The Court has developed this principle, when affirming that “[t]he rule of prior
exhaustion of domestic remedies permits the State to resolve the problem in accordance
with its domestic laws before becoming involved in international proceedings, which is
especially valid in the international human rights jurisdiction, because this reinforces or
complements the domestic jurisdiction.” 2 The Court has established that State
responsibility:
1
Cf. Case of the La Rochela Massacre, supra note 16, para. 245.
2
Velásquez Rodríguez v. Honduras. Merits. Judgment of July 29, 1988. Series C No. 4, para. 61.
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