9 police and intelligence and the Head of State himself at the time, or without the collaboration, acquiescence and tolerance revealed by direct actions carried out in a coordinated and interrelated manner by members of the police forces, intelligence services and even diplomatic services of the States concerned16. Given that the gravity of the facts cannot be separated from the context in which they occurred, for the purpose of preserving the historical memory and the imperative need to ensure that such facts are never repeated, it is essential for the State to take forthwith the necessary measures to activate and conclude effectively, within a reasonable time, the investigation to determine the responsibilities of the perpetrators of the facts committed in the instant case, in the understanding that criminal prosecution is a fundamental way of preventing future human rights violations.17 Furthermore, the Tribunal recalls that the facts of this case have violated non-derogable provisions of international law (jus cogens), therefore, given the nature and gravity of the facts, the mechanisms of collective guarantee established in the American Convention, together with the regional and universal international obligations on this issue, bind the States of the region to collaborate in good faith to eradicate impunity, as a duty of inter-State cooperation, by exercising their jurisdiction to apply their domestic law and international law to prosecute and, when applicable, punish those responsible, or by collaborating with other States that do so or attempt to do so18. 25. That, regarding the obligation of the State to publish the results of the investigations, under the terms of the Judgment, so that the Paraguayan society may know the truth about the facts, the Tribunal takes note that the State undertook to make such publications at the moment of the delivery of the final judgments in those cases in which the decisions are not still final, and within the term of one month of the presentation of said timetable before the Court (supra Having Seen clause 8); this is in early December 2009, in the cases of the judicial proceedings with final decisions. Said publications shall be made, according to what the State informed, in the Official Gazette of the Republic of Paraguay, the web page of the Ministry of Foreign Affairs and the web page of the Judiciary. The Tribunal shall continue monitoring the results of the investigations to determine what correspond as to this aspect. 26. That, in order to continue monitoring compliance with this aspect, it is necessary for the State to continue presenting complete and updated information on all the measures adopted and to refer to the aspects mentioned in this Order. * * * Search and location of the disappeared victims 27. That, in relation to the obligation of the State to proceed immediately to seek and locate Agustín Goiburú Giménez, Carlos José Mancuello, Rodolfo Ramírez Villalba and Benjamín Ramírez Villalba and, if their remains are found, to deliver them to their next kin forthwith and cover the costs of their burial (operative paragraph six of the Judgment), the State informed that the Truth and Justice Commission (CVJ) investigated –according to the 16 Cf. Case of Goiburú et al. V. Paraguay, supra note 6, para. 66. 17 Cf. Case of Goiburú et al. V. Paraguay, supra note 6, para. 92; Case of Anzualdo Castro V. Perú. Preliminary Objections, Merits, Reparations and Costs. Judgment of September 22, 2009. Series C No. 202, para. 66. 18 Cf. Case of Goiburú et al. V. Paraguay, supra note 6, para. 128 to 132.

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