57
g.
in the morning of December 5, 1990 colonel Eduardo Herrera-Hassán
performed a march towards the Legislative Hall, which was attended basically by
armed members of the military or former members of the military.22 That same day
in the morning colonel Herrera-Hassán was detained by U.S. military forces and
turned over to the Panamanian authorities;23
h.
in face of the events of December 4 and 5, 1990, the President of the
Republic did not decree a state of emergency or the suspension of guarantees
(Article 27 of the American Convention o Human Rights);24
i.
on December 6, 1990, “by virtue of authorisation from the Cabinet Council,”
the Minster of the Interior forwarded to the Legislative Assembly a draft bill
21
cfr. testimony of José Mauad-Doré delivered before the Inter-American Court on January 26,
2000; testimony of Manrique Mejía delivered before the Inter-American Court on January 26, 2000;
testimony of Luis Antonio Batista-Juárez delivered before the Inter-American Court on January 26, 2000;
and testimony of Jorge de-la-Guardia delivered before the Inter-American Court on January 27, 2000;
22
cfr. testimony of Rogelio Cruz-Ríos delivered before the Inter-American Court on January 26,
2000;
record of the proceedings before the Full Supreme Court in connection with the three
unconstitutionality remedies filed on December 21 and 24, 1990, by Vicente Archibold-Blake, in
representation of Isaac Rodríguez; by Santander Tristan-Donoso et al.; and by Basilio Chong-Gómez, in
representation of Rolando Miller et al., against Law 25 of December 14, 1990; volume VIII of the record
of the proceedings before the Second Superior Court of the First Judicial District for the offence against
the internal personality of the State, against Jorge Eliécer Bernal; volume VIII of the record of the
proceedings before the Seventh Court of the Circuit, Penal Branch, for the offence against the internal
personality of the State, against Eduardo Herrera-Hassán, et al.; volume VII of the record of the
proceedings before the Seventh Court of the Circuit, Penal Branch, for the offence of sedition, against
Eduardo Herrera-Hassán, et al.; volume VI of the record of the proceedings before the Seventh Court of
the Circuit, Penal Branch, for the Offence of Sedition, against Eduardo Herrera-Hassán, et al.; and volume
VI of the record before the Second Superior Court of the First Judicial District for the offence against the
internal personality of the State, against Eduardo Herrera- Hassán
et al.
23
cfr. testimony of Rogelio Cruz-Ríos delivered before the Inter-American Court on January 26,
2000; an article of the La Nación daily newspaper of Costa Rica entitled “Marines crushed rebellion in
Panama,” published on December 6, 1990; an article of the La Nación daily newspaper of Costa Rica
entitled “Panama back to normal,” published December 7, 1990; an article of the El Panamá América
daily newspaper entitled "Military coup left two dead," published December 6, 1990; an article of the La
Prensa de Panama daily newspaper entitled “Coup d’etat fails,” published December 6, 1990; judgment of
the Administrative Conflicts Section of the Supreme Court of December 18, 1992, in connection with the
actions brought by Vicente Archibold-Blake, in representation of Eduardo Gaslín-Caballero, Alfredo Guerra,
Raúl
González-Rodaniche, Melva Guerrero-Samudio, Esther Guerra, Evangelista Granja-C., Antonio
González, Erick Alexis González, Manuel Herrera-S., Aníbal Herrera-Santamaría, Félix Herrera-C., Magaly
V.-de-Herrera, Pompilio Ibarra-Ramírez, Daniel Jiménez-H., Rolando Jiménez, José Kellys-S., Gilberto
Antonio Leguisamo, Dirie Lauchú-Ponce, Perlina Loban-de-Andrade, Erick Lara-Moran, Darien Linares,
Zilka A. Lou-M., Dennis Lasso-E., Oran Darío Miranda-Gutiérrez, Luis E. Montero, Valentín Morales-V., Raúl
Murrieta-Ríos, Natalio Murillo, Jorge Martínez-F., Luis A. Miranda, Esteban Nash-Campos, Evelio OteroRodríguez, Antonio A. Ornano-C., Gustavo Alexis Ortiz-G., Luis Osorio and Omar E. Oses; volume VI of
the record of the proceedings before the Seventh Court of the Circuit, Penal Branch, for the offence of
sedition, against Eduardo Herrera-Hassán, et al.; volume VI of the record before the Second Superior
Court of the First Judicial District for the offence against the internal personality of the State, against
Eduardo Herrera-Hassán et al.; volume VIII of the record of the case before the Second Superior Court of
the First Judicial District for the offence against the internal personality of the State, against Jorge Eliécer
Bernal; and volume VIII of the record of the case before the Seventh Court of the Circuit, Penal Branch,
for the offence against the internal personality of the State, against the accused, Eduardo Herrera-Hassán,
et al.
24
cfr.
26 , 2000;
January 27,
International
report of the expert Humberto Ricord, delivered before the Inter-American Court on January
testimony of Guillermo Endara-Galimany delivered before the Inter-American Court on
2000; and December 17, 1998, note sent by Mr. Jean-Michel Arrighi, Director of the
Law Department of the OAS to the Secretary of the Inter-American Court.
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