11 They still grieve for the loss of their next of kin and this will continue for the rest of their lives. Many of them are very depressed and have wanted to stop living as a result of the loss of their families; some people even died owing to this suffering. He will never forget what happened. The older people who were responsible for officiating the Mayan ceremonies died in the massacre and the traditions died with them, because the young people did not have anyone to teach them. Moreover, the military agents and the patrols monitored every meeting, so that they were afraid to hold their religious ceremonies. No one could speak freely or discuss the situation of repression and violence in which the community lived. The PAC and the military agents exercised strict control over the members of the community. Even though the activities of the patrols were halted some time between 1995 and 1996, their presence continued to intimidate the inhabitants. The State has never done anything for the indigenous population; it does not provide them with access to education, housing, health care or political participation. No one has done anything for them, either before or after the massacre, because they do not exist for the rest of the Guatemalan population. Only indigenous people died in the Plan de Sánchez massacre, because no one wanted them, and no one wants them. If they had been mestizos they would not have been killed; proof of this is that nothing happens in the mestizo communities. The witness recalls hearing Rios Montt say on the radio that “all Indians must die.” c) Statement of Luis Rodolfo Ramírez García, graduate in Juridical and Social Sciences, expert in customary law, particularly criminal customary law, and with a postgraduate degree in Criminal Law Impunity continues with regard to the massacres committed in Guatemala at the time of the armed conflict. In rural areas, control systems, such as the PAC and the military agents, were put in place and, essentially, they took the place of judges, prosecutors and police. Given the Army’s extensive penetration of Guatemalan society, almost all community activities took place only with the authorization of the regional military leader. In view of the gravity of the act, and the notoriety of the massacre, the authorities had the obligation to open an investigation to determine the corresponding criminal liability, as of the day on which it was committed, July 18, 1982. The Attorney General’s office (Ministerio Público) acted with total irresponsibility when conducting the procedures of exhumation and investigation in the Plan de Sánchez case. First, although it is true that, during the initial stage of the investigation, an inquisitional type of Penal Code was in force, the Attorney General’s office was informed of the events and should have requested the judge to conduct investigation procedures. Second, even though it headed the investigation, its action was reduced to receiving the testimonial evidence requested by the secondary plaintiffs. Third, although the witnesses provided valuable information to the proceeding, identifying victims, direct perpetrators, collaborators and the circumstances in which the massacre occurred, even at the risk of endangering their own lives, the Attorney General’s office did not conduct any additional investigation activities. The judge responsible for the investigation submitted a request to the Supreme Court of Justice for the Ministry of Defense to provide information on the