11
i)
Testimony of José Ráez González (surgeon)
At the request of the Navy, the Legal Medicine Institute was asked to
designate two experts to carry out studies on corpses in El Frontón, and
under those circumstances, he worked in the island from February to April
1987 and examined about 90 corpses. The objective of the legal doctor is to
determine the cause of death and to help in the identification. The corpses
had undergone all the stages of primary putrefaction, some were in
mummification stage, and others had lost all soft parts and there were only
fragments of the bodies. In many cases it was not possible to determine the
cause of death because there only bone remains, and in other cases death
was caused by multiple fractures. In some cases, remnants of clothes, size,
sex, age, and dental remains were described. It is not within the scope of the
doctor to keep in touch with the relatives' victims; identification is the
Investigating Department´s duty. He was able to take fingerprints of some of
the bodies. Crushing caused an overwhelming majority of the deaths. Once
expert investigations were over, the deponent handled the protocols,
summaries, and comments to the Naval Judge and signed the death
certificates. There are many factors that avoid taking fingerprints of a corpse.
He does not remember to have seen burning scars on the corpses.
j)
Testimony of Augusto Yamada Yamada (Chief Doctor of the
Pathological Anatomy of the Naval Hospital, Navy Officer and Captain
of the Navy Health Frigate)
On June 19 and 20, 1986, he began doing autopsies in El Frontón. The police
took fingerprints, and an odontologist took odontographs. He prepared
autopsy protocols and the death certificates and followed orders by the Navy
judge. Of the 38 autopsies he subscribed, in 17 a weapon-inflicted wound
has been determined as the cause of death, and in 21, crushing, in some
cases bullet wounds were multiple, and the shots were fired at a short
distance. The Investigative Police was responsible for the identification. In
four death certificates, the names of the deceased provided by the judge were
added. No splinters were found in the bodies. The corpses were almost
complete, except three who had no heads. He carried out the autopsies on
June 19 and 20, several in July, and five on January 22, 1989.
k)
Testimony of Juan Kruger Párraga (Anatomy-Pathologist)
Until 1989, he was the head of the Pathology Department of the Navy Medical
Center, and his rank is Ship Captain. The purpose of an autopsy, among
others, is to determine the cause of death, corpse identification does not
concern the physician but the Investigative Police. He was asked to do the
autopsies in El Frontón. The first time he went there was on July 5, 1986,
and the last one on January 22, 1987. He did 23 autopsies and in most of
them he pointed out the “stage of putrefaction” of the corpses, and that many
of them had multiple fractures as a result of crushing; none of the autopsy
protocols he signed identified any person.
Several odontologists took
odontographs when dental pieces were found. The medical statement was
submitted to the Navy Judge. Some of the corpses had civilian clothes on,
but this information was not included in the protocols. There were no
weapon-inflicted wounds in the corpses. Due to the corpse putrefaction