26. In accordance with the criteria reviewed, in order to evaluate if the requirement of exhaustion of domestic remedies has been met the Commission must first determine which is the adequate remedy to the violations alleged in the case being examined. 27. The remedy of nullification together with precautionary amparo in administrative matters is regulated by Article 21 of the Organic Law of the Supreme Court as follows: Any person, natural or juridical, whose rights or interests are affected by a law, regulation, ordinance or other administrative action which is general in scope, emanating from any of the organs of the national, state or municipal government, or who has [sic] a personal, direct and legitimate interest in challenging an administrative action with specific effects, may sue in the Supreme Court to have the action nullified on grounds of it being illegal or unconstitutional. (…) In its final judgment, the Supreme Court of Justice will determine whether nullification of the actions or articles being challenged is applicable or not , and it will decide the timeframe for the effects of the decision to go in force; also, in accordance with the terms of the petition, the Supreme Court may order cash payments and reparation for damages caused by the administrative authority, as well as ordering the necessary measures to be taken to remedy any individual legal situation infringed upon by the administrative actions. (…) The Supreme Court may suspend the effects of an administrative action with specific impact whose nullification has been petitioned by an interested party when the law allows it or when the suspension is essential in order to avoid irreparable damage or damage difficult to repair permanently taking into consideration the circumstances of the case. To that effect, the petitioner must be required to present sufficient cause in order to guarantee the results of the trial. 28. For its part, the responsibility of the Constitutional Chamber to decide on actions of unconstitutionality brought by the general public to the court for its review is established in Article 5 of the Organic Law of the Supreme Court of Justice as follows: It is the competence of the Supreme Court of Justice as the Highest Court in the Republic: (…) 6. To declare wholly or partially null laws and other actions with the force of law of the National Assembly that collide with the Constitution of the Bolivarian Republic of Venezuela, through the exercise of the concentrated control of constitutionality. The decision declaring the total or partial nullification must be published in the Official Gazette of the Bolivarian Republic of Venezuela, and must specifically outline the timeframe in which its effects would go into force. (…) In accordance with the Constitution of the Bolivarian Republic of Venezuela, the concentrated control of constitutionality is to be exercised only by the Constitutional Chamber under the provisions of this law and it cannot be exercised in cases other than those where an action of unconstitutionality has been filed by a citizen, in which case the principle of preparation will not be enforced to deny a petition and the Chamber may itself compensate for any deficiencies the petitioner may exhibit in the filing with regard to the specific laws being challenged given that it is a matter that affects the general public. The effects of the judgment will apply to the public in general and will be 5

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