17
She is a member of the Enxet indigenous people. Here parents were from Yakye
Axa; however, the witness was born at Estancia Ledesma, next to Yakye Axa, after
her father went there to work. She lived at Estancia Ledesma until she was five
years old, and then she returned to Yakye Axa. She speaks Enxet and Guaraní.
At Yakye Axa her parents lived quite well, hunting peacefully. However, there was a
change of estate owner and in how the people were treated. The people “were no
longer comfortable there,” so they left Yakye Axa. Another group of families
remained because they did not want to leave Yakye Axa.
Currently, the Yakye Axa Community lives alongside the road, due to all the
difficulties they have faced at that place; they have neither good food nor medical
care. The rains affect their dwellings, and there is nothing they can do; they cannot
take a child to the bathroom or cook. In those cases, the women usually go out to
the road to protect the children, and at nighttime they enter the house again to
sleep.
The witness has six children. To feed them, she leaves her house every day at 4:00
a.m. to work at Estancia Maroma. There she works at various domestic chores.
Together with the other women of the Community, they leave the settlement to seek
food for the children every day, because they receive no support. In 2003 the State
sent food to the Community “almost twice.”
The Community has a small school, but the teacher cannot continue teaching the
children because they have no food. They also have a shaman among them, who is
the father of the witness.
The Yakye Axa Community has also suffered due to the death of their relatives.
Since they settled alongside the route, two youths have died due to road accidents.
When there is an emergency because of an illness, the members of the Community
usually act in search of a solution to the ill person’s problem. To take those who are
ill to Concepción or Asunción, they have to pay. Once in a while they find people
who support them.
In 2004, the children were only vaccinated once. The physician who visits the
Community does not take the medicine they require. Since the Community settled
alongside the route, three children have died due to lack of medical care. The
children died from vomiting with diarrhea or with sore throats. Those children were
buried alongside the road. When a member of the Community dies, there is no
option other than burying their remains in someone else’s pasture, “because they are
not from that place.”
Her husband walks several hours to be able to hunt animals. When he arrives at the
place, he stays and sleeps there. If her husband returns and brings food, the
witness, as a woman, rests.
At Loma Verde estate, an individual was stationed as the place’s ‘matador’, who
walks alongside the wire fence with a shotgun, threatening the children and women,
because he is under orders to not allow anyone to enter for firewood or water. The
witness is the only one who can “approach the man”, when necessary, to clarify
something, for which reason she has also been threatened.