29. The State indicates that there is no lack of will or commitment on the part of the State to
find a solution to the problems posed; “rather, in the case in question, the fact that the lands
are privately owned and not government lands, in addition to the State’s difficult financial
situation, are obstacles in the process, with the caveat that they are not insurmountable.” It
adds, in this respect, that the State is under an obligation to indicate expressly “that it has not
obstructed or interfered negatively in the administrative procedure, to the detriment of the
legitimate rights of the Sawhoyamaxa Community, through any government institution or the
agents thereof.” The Executive, through the INDI, made every effort on behalf of the
expropriation of the area claimed by the Indigenous Community, with unfavorable results
because the Legislative branch did not approve the expropriation.
30. The State indicates that the decision to pull out of the friendly settlement procedure that
the members of the Sawhoyamaxa Community came to, advised by the non-governmental
organization TIERRAVIVA “places at risk a definitive solution to the land problem, on failing to
acknowledge the major efforts made by the State to vindicate the rights of the Sawhoyamaxa,
in keeping with the mandate of the Constitution, the Convention, and other international and
domestic legal instruments.”
31. In relation to the admissibility requirements, the State argues that the petition is not
admissible for failure to exhaust domestic remedies and because some parts of the complaint
do not set forth facts which, if true, would tend to establish a violation of rights, as per Article
34 of the Rules of Procedure.
32. With respect to the first argument, the State says that the petitioners did not exhaust
domestic remedies and it identifies three remedies still pending: First, the institution in charge
of processing the request for the land, i.e. the INDI, intends to present a new request to the
new National Congress, which will be installed in July 2003, for the expropriation of the lands
claimed by the Community. Second, the direct purchase of the property could eventually be
negotiated with the owner, based on a reformulation of the claims regarding the extent of the
land, safeguarding the interest of the Community. And third, the mechanism established in
Convention 169 of the International Labor Organization, on Indigenous and Tribal Peoples, in
conjunction with Articles 14 and 15 of Law 904/81, on the Status of the Indigenous
Communities, remains to be exhausted. This latter mechanism would be invoked to request
the prior, free, and express consent of the Community to a possible transfer to other lands of
equal extent and quality.
33. In addition, it states that the Republic of Paraguay has an adequate legal framework for
protecting the right or rights alleged to have been violated in this petition, specifically, the
right to community property of the Sawhoyamaxa Community, and it bases its assertion on the
fact that the institution in charge of processing the request for the lands sought by the
Community, i.e. the INDI, at present continues to make efforts to purchase the property
claimed by the Indigenous Community, and it argues that the delay in arriving at a final
solution of the Community’s petition has been warranted for the above-indicated reasons.
34. With respect to the failure to set forth facts which, if true, would tend to a establish a
violation of rights, and with respect to Article 2 of the Convention, the State indicates that all
necessary measures of domestic law have been adopted to comply with the obligations derived
from international human rights law, in particular with respect to rights of indigenous peoples,
and in the case of the Sawhoyamaxa Community, the State adopted an adequate legal
framework such that today, that community is in a position to claim its ancestral lands. As for
the alleged violation of Articles 8 and 25 of the Convention, the State does not accept the
petitioners attributing responsibility to the State, because in the administrative realm, all
necessary steps for the Indigenous Community to be able to make the claim of possession and
ownership of its ancestral lands have been taken effectively, nonetheless it has not been
possible to render the claim effective due to budgetary problems and the refusal of the
Legislative branch, in this case, to accept the request for expropriation on behalf of the
Community. In addition, as regards the alleged violation of Article 21 of the Convention, it
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