as clearly as possible to their fulfillment.. Moreover, the State has fundamental obligations that must bring about essential levels of satisfaction of such rights which are not subject to progressive development but rather, by their very nature, immediate.136 113. Specifically concerning the right to education, with respect to the first level of analysis, Article 49 of the OAS Charter explicitly upholds it and refers to the various levels of education. Article 34.b of the same instrument underscores the role of the State in "rapid eradication of illiteracy and expansion of educational opportunities for all." Article 47 likewise establishes that States must give primary importance to the encouragement of education oriented toward the overall improvement of the individual, and Articles 3.h, 30, 31, 48, 50, and 52 all refer to actions and cooperation to be undertaken by State with respect to education. Likewise, Article XII of the American Declaration establishes that every person has the right to an education, which includes the right to equality of opportunity, and which is geared to attainment of a decent life and to raising a person's standard of living. For its part, as mentioned above, Article 13 of the Protocol of San Salvador addresses this right and points out that everyone has the right to education, which should be directed to the full development of the human personality and respect for human rights, justice and peace. 114. In light of the above, the Commission considers it clear that the right to education constitutes one of the economic and social standards mentioned in Article 26 of the American Convention and, accordingly, States Parties are under the obligation to seek the progressive development of that right., and to respect, guarantee, and adopt such measures as are needed to realize said right. Furthermore, the IACHR considers that, in addition to its competence to directly review the content of the right to education and compliance by the States Parties to the Protocol of San Salvador with their obligations in respect of that right, it will also take into account effects for the protection of that right pursuant to Article 26 of the American Convention. 115. Regarding the contents of the right to education, the CESCR refers to it in General Comment No. 13 as "both a human right in itself and an indispensable means of realizing other human rights."137 It also pointed out that to guarantee the right to education care needs to be taken to safeguard the principle of equality and nondiscrimination at all educational levels and ensure that the education provided exhibits the following interrelated and essential features: i) availability; ii) accessibility; iii) acceptability; and iv) adaptability.138 In particular with respect to acceptability, it states that the form and substance of education have to be relevant, culturally appropriate and of good quality, which includes removing gender and other stereotyping which impedes the educational access of girls, women and other disadvantaged groups.139 116. In relation to sexual violence and discrimination against women, girls, and adolescents in education, the IACHR underscores with concern the prevalence of such practices140 and considers that certain widespread social and cultural beliefs may obstruct the pursuit of educational policies capable of guaranteeing the right to education inasmuch as they promote or facilitate forms of socialization contrary to the dignity of persons. That being so, for the IACHR, the right to education cannot omit consideration of gender issues. Bearing in mind that girls are more vulnerable to sexual violence due to the influence of gender-based power relations that are deeply entrenched in society, combating all forms of violence and discrimination against women, girls, and adolescents require that educational systems eliminate prejudices, customs, and practices based on superiority or inferiority of the sexes or on stereotypes regarding the roles of man and women.141 United Nations Committee on Economic, Social and Cultural Rights, , General Comment No. 3: The Nature of States Parties' Obligations ((Art. 2, Para. 1, of the Covenant), 1990. Along those lines, see: IACHR. Report on Poverty and Human Rights in the Americas, OEA/Ser.L/V/II.164 Doc. 147, September 7, 2017, paragraphs 236 and 237. 137 Committee on Economic, Social and Cultural Rights. General Comment No. 13. United Nations document E/C.12/1999/10, 8 December 1999, para. 1. 138 Committee on Economic, Social and Cultural Rights. General Comment No. 13. United Nations document E/C.12/1999/10, 8 December 1999, para. 6. 139 Committee on Economic, Social and Cultural Rights. General Comment No. 13. United Nations document E/C.12/1999/10, (8 December 1999), paras. 6 and 55. 140 United Nations. World Report on Violence against Children, pp. 7 and 119. 141 IACHR, The Work, Education and Resources of Women: The Road to Equality in Guaranteeing Economic, Social, and Cultural Rights, OEA/Ser.L/V/II.143, Doc. 59, November 3, 2011, par. 218. 136

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