f) The members of the CCPP and the returning refugees are to enjoy freedom of movement, both national and international.24 44. On December 13, 1991, the then-President of Guatemala and the UNHCR signed a Letter of Understanding on Voluntary Repatriation of Guatemalans from Mexico.25 Among the terms of reference, the Commission notes the following: The Government of Guatemala provides assurances that, in furtherance of Article 4 of the Constitution of the Republic which guarantees the liberty and equality, as well as the rights of all Guatemalans, returnees shall not suffer any discrimination in the exercise of their social, civil, political, cultural and economic rights (…) The Government of Guatemala ... guarantees that the returnees can and will be able freely and without pressure to select the location where they decide to reside, whether that be individually and/or as family units, or as communities and/or in a collective manner. (…) The Government of the Republic will provide facilities to those returnees without land at the time they abandoned the country, for access to land and registration of the same in conditions similar to that provided to other nationals.26 45. Following a series of negotiations, on October 8, 1992, the Government of Guatemala, represented by the national commission for repatriation, refugees and displaced persons (CEAR) and the Permanent Commissions of Representatives of Guatemalan Refugees in Mexico (CCPP) signed agreements on October 8, 1992.27 Those agreements, spelled out the conditions for the return of the refugees in Mexico as a result of the armed conflict in Guatemala. The IACHR had the following to say with respect to the contents of the agreements: First, the agreements speak of the need for the return to be a voluntary decision, expressed by each refugee individually and confirmed by the UNHCR; they stipulate that the return is to be carried out in collective, organized fashion, and is to be done safely and with dignity. The agreements stipulate that the return is to be a gradual process, but carried out swiftly. It is to be coordinated by the Permanent Commissions, which are to act upon the refugees' requests. Working on the basis of the Plan of Operations that the Permanent Commissions present, the UNHCR, CEAR, Mexican Commission for Refugee Assistance (COMAR) and other groups involved will coordinate the return operations. The second point of the Agreements, vitally important in dealing with the sociological problems that the return may create, concerns ... recognition of the returnees' right to freedom of association and organization. Here, the Government undertakes a fundamental commitment to respect, in accordance with the national and international standards in force for the country, the 24 IACHR, Fourth Report on the Situation of Human Rights in Guatemala, June 1, 1993, Chapter VII, “The Situation of Refugees and Displaced Persons in Guatemala and Their Human Rights.” 25 Letter of understanding, November http://repository.forcedmigration.org/show_metadata.jsp?pid=fmo:784 13, 2001. Available at: 26 Letter of understanding, November http://repository.forcedmigration.org/show_metadata.jsp?pid=fmo:784 13, 2001. Available at: 27 Agreements between the Permanent Commissions of Representatives of Guatemalan Refugees in Mexico and the Government of Guatemala, October 8, 1992 Available at: http://www.refworld.org/pdfid/46d6e39a2.pdf 9