-46achieve national peace and other provisions concerning humanitarian agreements,” which was ratified and published on July 25, 2005.47 Concerning the context of Pueblo Bello historically and at the time of the massacre 95(21) The jurisdiction of Pueblo Bello was a hamlet devoted mainly to agriculture, located southwest of San Pedro de Urabá, and northeast of Turbo, in the municipality of the same name, which is in Urabá Antioqueño, an area that forms the western part of the Department of Antioquia. This Department adjoins the departments of Córdoba, Sucre, Bolívar, Santander, Boyacá, Caldas, Risaralda and Chocó.48 95(22) During the 1950s, a highway was built to the sea, communicating Medellín to the Gulf of Urabá. This highway led to the rise in value of the land in the region and the convergence of economic forces – timber, livestock and bananas – which would determine the economic structure of Urabá and, consequently, its political and social situation. Men who dealt in land and livestock acquired the land and displaced the peasants, which led to the growth of cattle-ranching in the region.49 95(23) Over the period from 1960 to 1990, with the arrival in Urabá of a major banana company in the 1960s, the highway between Chigorodó and Turbo became the axis of a very profitable “banana-production center.” As a result, the livestock owners who had acquired land in the 1950s and who had not turned to the production of bananas had to migrate with their cattle to the areas bordering this area causing new land disputes. The growth of Pueblo Bello and San Pedro de Urabá, among other places, was one of the results of this period.50 95(24) In this context, during the 1960s, some peasant political movements emerged that wanted to carry out an agrarian reform and demanded improved public services from the State; they resorted to invading the large landed estates (latifundios). The people’s demands were supported by the Revolutionary Armed Forces of Colombia (hereinafter “FARC”) and the Popular Liberation Army (hereinafter “ELP”), for whom this region had great strategic importance because, in addition to being an area where they collected “war taxes” from the businessmen 47 Cf. Act 975 issued on July 25, 2005, “with provisions for the reincorporation of members of illegal organized armed groups who make an effective contribution to achieving national peace and other provisions for humanitarian agreements.” 48 Cf. sworn statement made by the expert witness, Alfredo Molano Bravo, on August 22, 2005 (file of statements made before or authenticated by notary public, folio 2671); political map of Colombia. Geographical location of the area of Urabá Antioqueño; Map of Urabá Antioqueño. Division by zones (file of attachments to the requests and arguments brief, attachments 1(1) and 1(2), folios 785 and 786); statement made before the Inter-American Court by Rubén Díaz Romero during the public hearing held on September 19, 2005, and statements made before notary public (affidavits) by María Cecilia Ruiz de Álvarez, Eliécer Manuel Meza Acosta, Venidlo José Ricardo Herrera, Pedro Luis Escobar Duarte and Euclides Manuel Calle Álvarez (file of statements made before or authenticated by notary public, folios 2703, 2713, 2715, 2720 and 2729). 49 Cf. sworn statement made by the expert witness, Alfredo Molano Bravo, on August 22, 2005 (file of statements made before or authenticated by notary public, folios 2671 and 2672). 50 Cf. sworn statement made by the expert witness, Alfredo Molano Bravo, on August 22, 2005 (file of statements made before or authenticated by notary public, folio 2672).