42 According to this report, the acts committed by the paramilitary constituted the greatest number of human rights violations reported in the country in 1997, including massacres, forced disappearances, and hostage taking.36 96.20 In her reports, the High Commissioner constantly refers to impunity of human rights violations and of violations of international humanitarian law committed by the paramilitary and to connivance between these groups and the security forces, as a consequence of criminal proceedings and disciplinary investigations against them that do not lead to establishing liabilities or the respective punishment.37 With regard to the historical context in Mapiripán and the massacre 96.21 The territory of the Municipality of Mapiripán is 11,400 km2, and it is located at the southeastern end of the Department of Meta, 530 km from the Municipality Villavicencio. Currently, traveling by land to Mapiripán takes roughly nine hours from Villavicencio and a day and a half from San José del Guaviare, capital of the Department of Guaviare. By air, the trip is approximately half an hour from the latter place.38 36 See Report by the United Nations High Commissioner for Human Rights on the human rights situation in Colombia, E/CN.4/2001/15, March 20, 2001, paras. 131, 134 and 254 (file with appendixes to the brief containing pleadings and motions, appendix 39, pages 3627, 3628, 3650 and 3651); Report by the United Nations High Commissioner for Human Rights on the human rights situation in Colombia, E/CN.4/2005/10, February 28, 2005, paras. 9, 45, 61, 73, 84, 87, 112 to 116; Report by the United Nations High Commissioner for Human Rights on the human rights situation in Colombia, E/CN.4/2004/13, February 17, 2004, paras. 22, 24, 26, 59, 65 and 73; Report by the United Nations High Commissioner for Human Rights on the human rights situation in Colombia, E/CN.4/2003/13, February 24, 2003, paras. 34, 74 and 77 (file with appendixes to the brief containing pleadings and motions, appendix 41, pages 3703, 3712 and 3713); Report by the United Nations High Commissioner for Human Rights on the human rights situation in Colombia, E/CN.4/2002/17, February 28, 2002, paras. 202, 211, 356 and 365 (file with appendixes to the brief containing pleadings and motions, appendix 42, pages 3794, 3795, 3796, 3825 and 3827); Report by the United Nations High Commissioner for Human Rights on the human rights situation in Colombia, E/CN.4/2000/11, March 9, 2000, paras. 25 and 111; Report by the United Nations High Commissioner for Human Rights on the human rights situation in Colombia, E/CN.4/1998, March 9, 1998/16, paras. 21 and 29; Report by the United Nations High Commissioner for Human Rights on the human rights situation in Colombia, E/CN.4/1998/16, March 9, 1998, paras. 27, 28, 29, 34, 42, 46 and 88; expert opinion of Federico Andreu Guzmán rendered before the Inter-American Court during the public hearing held on March 7, 2005, and sworn statement rendered by expert witness Robin Kirk on February 15, 2005 (file with statements rendered before or authenticated by a notary public, page 4617). 37 See Report by the United Nations High Commissioner for Human Rights on the human rights situation in Colombia, E/CN.4/2005/10, February 28, 2005, paras. 61 and 92; Report by the United Nations High Commissioner for Human Rights on the human rights situation in Colombia, E/CN.4/2004/13, February 17, 2004, paras. 26, 27, 28, 34 and 77; Report by the United Nations High Commissioner for Human Rights on the human rights situation in Colombia in the year 2002, E/CN.4/2003/13, February 24, 2003, para. 77 (file with appendixes to the brief containing pleadings and motions, appendix 41, page 3713); Report by the United Nations High Commissioner for Human Rights on the human rights situation in Colombia, E/CN.4/2002/17, February 28, 2002, para. 211, 212 and 365 (file with appendixes to the brief containing pleadings and motions, appendix 42, pages 3794, 3795, 3796 and 3825); Report by the United Nations High Commissioner for Human Rights on the human rights situation in Colombia in the year 2000, E/CN.4/2001/15, March 20, 2001, paras. 57, 142, 206 and 254 (file with appendixes to the brief containing pleadings and motions, appendix 39, pages 3613, 3630, 3642, 3650 and 3651), and Report by the United Nations High Commissioner for Human Rights on the human rights situation in Colombia, E/CN.4/2000/11, March 9, 2000, para. 27, 47, 146 and 173. 38 See report prepared by the Office of the Attorney General on April 6, 2005 (file with appendixes to the final pleadings submitted by the State, page 4990).