18 that the helicopters were carrying out training flights; however, helicopters had never before flown over the factory. Documents exist that refer to the Government’s concern about the existence of investigative journalism teams outside its control. Those concerning the Octavio II, IV, V and XIII plans refer to several television channels. The names of journalists from the Contrapunto program appear in them and Mr. Ivcher was mentioned as “a person who was extremely dangerous for national security.” The Octavio Plan was initiated on May 23, 1997, and affected the witness’s reputation, owing to publications in magazines that had been bankrupt and began to use State money. The newspaper, El Mañanero informed that he was an Israeli, not a Peruvian. On July 13, 1997, the same day that Contrapunto gave information about 197 recordings of telephone conversations of journalists, politicians and, in particular, the former presidential candidate, Javier Pérez de Cuellar, the official gazette, El Peruano, published the resolution that took away his nationality. He was never notified of this, or given the opportunity to be represented by a lawyer. There are approximately 20 or 30 lawsuits against him, and he, his wife, Neomy Even de Ivcher (hereinafter “Mrs. Ivcher” or “Mr. Ivcher’s wife”), and his daughter, Michal, are liable to a possible total of over 110 years of prison. His wife won a civil suit that allowed her to convene the shareholders on November 8, 1998, and organize the board of Compañía Latinoamericana de Radiodifusión S.A. (hereinafter “the Company”); however, the following day, she was criminally charged with misrepresentation. He has not been allowed to appoint lawyers for his defense in any of the proceedings against him; to the contrary, he has been assigned lawyers de oficio. The Productos Paraíso del Perú factory has also been harassed, so that some of the personnel, particularly the managers, are in hiding in Peru or exiled in the United States. Its clients have also been harassed so that they would denounce him, and a criminal proceeding was filed against one of them who refused to sign the charge; this could involve a conviction of 10 or 12 years. Rosario Lam, Imports Manager of Productos Paraíso del Perú, was imprisoned for 271 days to try and force her to file a complaint against him. “[T]wo judgments […] in the same case” were delivered against Julio Sotelo, the Channel’s former General Manager and the only person holding his power of attorney in Peru, “one sentencing him [to] four years [and the other to] four years conditionally”. Like Rosario Lam, they were not allowed to sleep at night while they were in prison; it was a “psychological war”. They tried to stop Emilio Rodríguez Larraín, his wife and daughter’s lawyer, through intimidation and he now risked six years in prison. Lastly, on July 11, 1997, the newspaper Expreso published a declaration of Army General Guido Guevara Guerra, President of the Supreme Council of Military Justice, in which he stated that Mr. Ivcher could lose his Peruvian nationality because he had endangered national security by broadcasting information that discredited the Army. The following September 19, they took the channel away from. c) Testimony of Fernando Viaña Villa, Press Director General of Channel 2, when Baruch Ivcher Bronstein was Chairman of the Board