12
subsequently adopt another position that contradicts the former one (estoppel
principle).
Pleadings of the representatives of the alleged victim and his next of kin
46.
The representatives of the alleged victim and his next of kin argued that:
a)
the Commission has the authority to decide on exhaustion of domestic
remedies and to establish admissibility, pursuant to Articles 46 and 47 of the
American Convention. Once said procedure has been conducted, the principle
of procedural preclusion applies, and if a case is found admissible “this
decision is ‘definitive’ and ‘indivisible’;”
b)
the State contradicts itself in its arguments regarding the preliminary
objection, since on the one hand it asserted that domestic remedies had not
been exhausted, because there was a pending decision of the courts in the
criminal proceeding against Mr. Tibi, and in the substantive arguments in that
same brief it pointed out that the criminal proceeding against Mr. Tibi ended
on January 21, 1998, within a reasonable time;
c)
in regards to the criminal proceeding pending and the discontinuance,
the legal provisions that regulate it do not have the effect that the State
wishes to assign to them. Suspension of the proceeding does not impede
resorting to international venue. There was no ordinary or extraordinary
appeal against the judgment that upheld the provisional discontinuance;
d)
Daniel Tibi filed two “amparo de libertad” or judicial habeas corpus
remedies, pursuant to Article 458 of the Criminal Procedures Code in force at
the time of the facts, and these remedies were ineffective;
e)
Mr. Tibi was not under the obligation to exhaust the constitutional
habeas corpus remedy;
f)
the action for damages is not an adequate remedy to decide the
situation of the alleged victim, aside from the fact that this argument was not
raised by the State during the early stages of the proceeding before the
Commission. “A civil action, the aim of which is to obtain financial
reparations, cannot be deemed to be appropriate to solve the situation of the
victim and to redress the violations of his human rights;” and
g)
this preliminary objection must be rejected, as it was not submitted
clearly during the early stages of the proceeding before the Commission.
Furthermore, the State tacitly waived it, by not specifying which remedies had
to be exhausted. The waiver is irrevocable. Therefore, the State cannot
submit new arguments before this Court.
Considerations of the Court
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