35 generation Dominicans of Haitian origin) who were born in and live in the Dominican Republic.30 109(2) Most of the Haitians and Dominicans of Haitian origin in the Dominican Republic live in conditions of poverty in areas known as “bateyes,” which consist of settlement of agricultural workers located around the sugar cane plantations.31 There are few basic public services in these places and the roads are not maintained so that, during the rainy season, communication between the bateyes and the towns can be cut for several days.32 109(3) In 2005, the Office of the United Nations Development Programme in the Dominican Republic indicated that: Haitians live in the country in very precarious conditions of extreme poverty. Furthermore, most of them are undocumented and must face a generally hostile political and social situation, without the possibility of legal assistance and with limited access to health, sanitation and education services, and this includes the children of Haitians, who have been born in the country. It should be noted that the constraints to access to public services and the problem of lack of documentation are general among the poorest segments of the Dominican population. [...] Regarding Haitian immigration, our information confirms the conditions of their incorporation into sectors of the labor market assigned to this group of immigrants, [...] characterized by low salaries and appalling working conditions with low technology, known internationally as the three Ds: dirty, dangerous, demanding. Evidently, these are not precisely acceptable conditions from a human development perspective. […].33 30 Cf. National Coalition for Haitian Rights, “Beyond de Bateyes – Haitian Immigrants in the Dominican Republic”, 1996 (file of attachments to the application, attachment 9, folios 819 to 821 and 829 to 831); Human Rights Watch, “Personas Ilegales - Haitianos y Domínico-Haitianos en la República Dominicana.” New York: 2002, (file of attachments to the brief with requests and arguments, attachment 19, folios 310 to 320); Marco Scuriatti, “Background Papers – A review of the Haitían Immigrant Population in the Dominican Republic.” In: World Bank, “Dominican Republic Poverty Assessment: Poverty in a High-Growth Economy (1986 – 2000),” volume II, 2001, pp. 81 to 83, and Bridget Wooding and Richard Moseley-Williams, “Inmigrantes haitianos y dominicanos de ascendencia haitiana en la República Dominicana.” Santo Domingo, the Dominican Republic: Cooperación Internacional para el Desarrollo y el Servicio Jesuita a Refugiados y Migrantes, 2004, pp. 1 to 103. 31 Cf. National Coalition for Haitian Rights, “Beyond de Bateyes – Haitian Immigrants in the Dominican Republic,” 1996 (file of attachments to the application, attachment 9, folio 820); United Nations, Human Rights Committee, Comments by the Government of the Dominican Republic on the Concluding Observations of the Human Rights Committee, UN Doc. CCPR/CO/71/DOM/Add.1, 28 May 2002, para. 42; United Nations, United Nations Development Programme, Human Development Office of the Dominican Republic, Informe Nacional de Desarrollo Humano 2005 – Hacia una inserción mundial incluyente y renovada, pp. 119 to 144, and Bridget Wooding and Richard Moseley-Williams, “Inmigrantes haitianos y dominicanos de ascendencia haitiana en la República Dominicana,” Cooperación Internacional para el Desarrollo y el Servicio Jesuita a Refugiados y Migrantes, Santo Domingo, the Dominican Republic, 2004, pp. 1 to 103. 32 Cf. National Coalition for Haitian Rights, “Beyond de Bateyes – Haitian Immigrants in the Dominican Republic,” 1996 (file of attachments to the application, attachment 9, folios 852 to 861); World Bank, “Dominican Republic Poverty Assessment: Poverty in a High-Growth Economy (1986 – 2000),” volume I, 2001, pp. 44 to 55; Marco Scuriatti, Background Papers – A review of the Haitian Immigrant Population in the Dominican Republic. In: World Bank, Dominican Republic Poverty Assessment: Poverty in a High-Growth Economy (1986 – 2000), volume II, 2001, pp. 84 to 85, and United Nations, Human Rights Committee, Comments by the Government of the Dominican Republic on the Concluding Observations of the Human Rights Committee, UN Doc. CCPR/CO/71/DOM/Add.1, 28 May 2002, para. 46. 33 Cf. United Nations, United Nations Development Programme, Human Development Office of the Dominican Republic, Informe Nacional de Desarrollo Humano 2005 – Hacia una inserción mundial incluyente y renovada, pp. 121, 139, 141 222 and 143.