18 conducting that investigation. Its result was the presentation, on December 29, 1993, of a preliminary report on disappearances in Honduras, entitled “Los Hechos Hablan por sí Mismos.” That report documented 184 cases and established the pattern of activities. The cases deemed typical of forms of disappearance included that of Juan Humberto Sánchez. It differed somewhat from the general pattern because his body was found, after having been illegally detained. The case of Juan Humberto Sánchez, even though it was in 1992, followed the same pattern of executions that was established throughout most of the decade of the 1980s. To his knowledge, at the time of the facts both military forces, the Tenth Battalion and the territorial forces, were in the area and Juan Humberto Sánchez was first detained by the Tenth Battalion, but he was then released. Then the territorial forces came. They must have known what happened to him. i) Expert opinion by Deborah S. Munczek, psychologist, She conducted a study for the organization called COFADEH on the psychosocial effects of disappearances and political assassinations on the surviving next of kin, based on various types of evidence and working with the persons affected by them who came to the organization. In 1992, she was present when the mother of Juan Humberto Sánchez came to COFADEH and shared with her a few days. Some time later, she visited the area and met other next of kin of Juan Humberto. With respect to the mother, she recalls that she could hardly talk, she was in a shock. In that type of situations, what must be done is to accompany the person and help her face reality. A death in and of itself is difficult to overcome, but even more so when it is violent and, furthermore, at the hands of the State. In face of impunity, there are feelings of injustice and powerlessness. There are states of depression, and instead of the process of grieving, this can become a permanent state. She said that María Dominga Sánchez was extremely affected and still is. While she had faced tragedies throughout her life, as she lost two children and her first husband in nine months, the death of Juan Humberto affected her to a greater extent, because as she said “it was men who killed him,” and it was not “in the hands of God,” as the previous events had been. The expert deemed that a significant fact that affects María Dominga is the impossibility of burying her child “like a Christian.” She continues to suffer symptoms of post-traumatic stress. With respect to the daughter, Domitila, she considers that she too was very much affected, although in a different manner. She remembers the raid on her house quite vividly. The greatest impact was the reaction of her mother and father, who became ill and could not be her support. The children had to work, and Domitila stated: “before they worked for us, and afterwards we worked for them.” She continues to suffer the economic consequences, as she had to give up her job to attend the Court hearings, and she had to leave her child in the care of her sister, who also had to give up her job to help her. With respect to the father, Juan José Vijil, while she did not interview him, apparently he suffered psychosis, paranoia, and loss of memory. He is not in normal conditions, he has distanced himself from reality, and for financial reasons it was not possible to give him medical treatment.

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