81 (b) to vote and to be elected in genuine periodic elections, which shall be by universal and equal suffrage and by secret ballot that guarantees the free expression of the will of the voters; and (c) to have access, under general conditions of equality, to the public service of his country. 2. The law may regulate the exercise of the rights and opportunities referred to in the preceding paragraph only on the basis of age, nationality, residence, language, education, civil and mental capacity, or sentencing by a competent court in criminal proceedings. 182. Article 24 of the American Convention establishes that: All persons are equal before the law. Consequently, they are entitled, without discrimination, to equal protection of the law. 183. The Court has established that the alleged victim, his next of kin or his representatives may invoke different rights to those included in the application of the Commission, based on the facts presented by the latter.153 184. The principle of the equal and effective protection of the law and of nondiscrimination constitutes an outstanding element of the human rights protection system embodied in many international instruments154 and developed by international 153 Cf. Case of De la Cruz Flores, supra note 15, para. 122; Case of the “Juvenile Reeducation Institute”, supra note 135, para. 125; and Case of the Gómez Paquiyauri Brothers, supra note 10, para. 179. 154 These international instruments include: the OAS Charter (Article 3(1)); the American Convention on Human Rights (Articles 1 and 24); the American Declaration of the Rights and Duties of Man (Article II); Additional Protocol to the American Convention on Human Rights in the Area of Economic, Social and Cultural Rights “Protocol of San Salvador” (Article 3); the Inter-American Convention on the Prevention, Punishment and Eradication of Violence against Women (Articles 4(f), 6 and 8(b)); the Inter-American Convention for the Elimination of all Forms of Discrimination against Persons with Disabilities (Articles I(2)(a), II, III, IV and V); the Charter of the United Nations (Article 1(3)); the Universal Declaration of Human Rights (Articles 2 and 7); the International Covenant on Economic, Social and Cultural Rights (Articles 2(2) and 3); the International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights (Articles 2(1) and 26); The International Convention on the Elimination of All Forms of Racial Discrimination (Article 2); the Convention on the Rights of the Child (Article 2); the Declaration on the Rights of the Child (Principle 1); the International Convention on the Protection of the Rights of All Migrant Workers and Members of their Families (Articles 1(1), 7, 18(1), 25, 27, 28, 43(1), 43(2), 45(1), 48, 55 and 70); the Convention on the Elimination of All Forms of Discrimination against Women (Articles 2, 3, 5, 7 to 16); the Declaration on the Elimination of all Forms of Intolerance and Discrimination based on Religion or Belief (Articles 2 and 4); Declaration of the International Labour Organization (ILO) of Fundamental Principles and Rights of Work (2(d)); International Labour Organization (ILO) Convention No. 97 on Migration for Employment (Revised) (Article 6); International Labour Organization (ILO) Convention No. 111 concerning discrimination in Respect of Employment and Occupation (Articles 1 to 3); International Labour Organization (ILO) Convention No. 143 on Migrant Workers (Supplementary Provisions) (Articles 8 and 10); International Labour Organization (ILO) Convention No. 168 concerning Employment Promotion and Protection against Unemployment (Article 6); Proclamation of Teheran, International Human Rights Conference at Teheran, May 13, 1968 (paras. 1, 2, 5, 8 and 11); the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action, World Conference on Human Rights, June 14 to 25, 1993 (I(15); I(19); I(27); I(30); II(B)(1), Articles 19 to 24; II(B)(2), Articles 25 to 27); the Declaration on the Rights of Persons Belonging to National or Ethnic, Religious or Linguistic Minorities (Articles 2, 3, 4(1) and 5); the World Conference against Racism, Racial Discrimination, Xenophobia and Related Intolerance, Declaration and Program of Action (paragraphs of the Declaration: 1, 2, 7, 9, 10, 16, 25, 38, 47, 48, 51, 66 and 104); the Convention against Discrimination in Education (Articles 1, 3 and 4); the Declaration on Race and Racial Prejudice (Articles 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8 and 9); the Declaration on the Human Rights of Individuals Who are not Nationals of the Country in which they Live (Article 5(1)(b) and 5(1)(c)); European Union’s Charter of the Fundamental Rights (Articles 20 and 21); the European Convention for the Protection of Human Rights and Fundamental Freedoms (Article 14); the European Social Charter (Article 19(4), 19(5) and 19(7)); Protocol No. 12 to the European Convention for the Protection of Human Rights and Fundamental Freedoms (Article 1); the African Charter on Human and People’ Rights “Banjul Charter” (Articles 2 and 3); the Arab Charter on Human Rights (Article 2); and the Cairo Declaration on Human Rights in Islam (Article 1).