44
the amparo inadmissible, finding that the appellants had not filed this recourse
within the legally-established time period, as it was not necessary for them to
“exhaust the prior mechanisms,” because “[article 27 of] Resolution No. [1239-ACACL] provided that no recourse of any kind would be admitted against the
resolutions of the Commission to Administer the Patrimony of Congress, since it was
the final instance”; in addition, it found that the alleged damage was irreparable
(supra para. 89(23) and 89(25)). Consequently, the employees filed a special
resource before the Constitutional Court, which confirmed the ruling of the Superior
Court of Justice (supra para. 89(26) and 89(28)). In other words, neither the
Superior Court nor the Constitutional Court considered the merits of the case, but
rejected the recourse based on procedural or admissibility considerations and not on
the said article 9 of Decree Law No. 25640.
122. The Court has interpreted that the terms of Article 25(1) of the American
Convention imply:
The obligation of the States to provide to all persons within their jurisdiction, an
effective judicial remedy for violations of their fundamental rights [... and] for the
application of the guarantee recognized therein not only to the rights contained in the
Convention, but also to those recognized by the Constitution or laws.71
123.
The Court has also considered that:
The habeas corpus and amparo procedures are the essential judicial guarantees for the
protection of various rights whose suspension is forbidden by Article 27(2) [of the
Convention]; they also serve to preserve the legality of a democratic society.72
124. In addition to calling into question the grounds for the Constitutional Court’s
decision that declared amparo inadmissible, the Commission argued, based on its
precedents,73 that the alleged victims had the right to a decisoin on the merits of the
matter from the judicial authorities. The State, on the other hand, cited other reports
on merits issued by the Inter-American Commission74 and alleged that, even though
in these other cases the courts of justice had not ruled on the merits of a case for
procedural reasons, the Commission had not considered that the State had violated
the right to an effective recourse.
71
Cf. Case of the Constitutional Court , supra note 11, para. 89, citing Judicial Guarantees in States
of Emergency (Arts. 27(2), 25 and 8 American Convention on Human Rights), supra note 70, para. 23.
72
Cf. Case of López Álvarez. Judgment of February 1, 2006. Series C No. 141, para. 92; Case of
García Asto and Ramírez Rojas. Judgment of November 25, 2005. Series C No. 137, para. 112, and Case
of Acosta Calderón. Judgment of June 24, 2005. Series C No. 129, para. 90.
73
In one case, the Commission considered that the failure to rule on the merits of the issue raised
in an action for amparo eliminated the possibility of filing this action and, consequently, constituted a
violation of the right embodied in Article 25 of the Convention (Cf. Report 48/00 of the Inter-American
Commission of April 13, 2000, in the Walter Humberto Vásquez Vejarano case (11,166) v. Peru, para. 91).
In addition, the Commission alleged that the decision concluding a judicial proceeding should not be
merely formal, because it should examine the merits of the facts, verify whether they occurred as has
been alleged and proved, since, if it fails to do this, the recourse becomes inconclusive and ineffective to
protect the plaintiff from the violation and provide him with adequate reparation (Cf. Report 119/99 of the
Inter-American Commission of October 6, 1999, in Susana Higuchi Miyagua (11,428) v. Peru, para. 54).
74
Cf. Inadmissibility Report 90/03 of the Inter-American Commission of October 22, 2003, in
Gustavo Trujillo Gonzáles v. Peru, paras. 27, 28, 32 and 33.
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