explicit in the excerpt quoted from the judgment of acquittal in the first
instance, is an investigation that adequately clarifies the facts.3
31. The Commission observes that in this case, it is the Judiciary itself
that determined that after the proceeding in which three persons were
tried, the investigation should continue to clarify the murder of Mr.
Carvajal. Nonetheless, the State has been arguing continuously that the
judicial proceeding exhausted the domestic remedies. Moreover, the
State has not given any explanation of why the investigation ordered by
its own courts would not be an adequate remedy for the purposes of
identifying and eventually sanctioning the persons responsible for the
murder of Mr. Carvajal. Accordingly, the Commission considers that the
criminal investigation constitutes the adequate remedy to be exhausted,
and that for the purposes of the admissibility of this petition, the
judgment of April 6, 2001, did not exhaust domestic remedies in
Colombia.
32.
The Commission observes that the assassination of Mr. Carvajal
Carvajal occurred on April 16, 1998, and that more than six years have
now transpired without the investigation to determine liability for that
murder having reached any conclusion. In this respect, the IACHR notes
that Article 46(2)(c) of the American Convention sets forth an exception
to the rule of prior exhaustion by reason of “unwarranted delay in
rendering a final judgment under the aforementioned remedies.” In the
Commission’s opinion, the fact that the investigation is still open without
yielding any results after more than six years constitutes an
unwarranted delay in the terms of Article 46(2)(c) of the Convention.
33
nvoking the exceptions to the rule of exhaustion of domestic
remedies provided for in Article 46(2) of the Convention is closely tied to
the determination of possible violations of certain rights contained
therein, such as the guarantees of access to justice. Nonetheless, Article
46(2) of the American Convention, given its nature and purpose, has
content autonomous from the substantive norms of the Convention.
Therefore, determining whether the exceptions to the rule of exhaustion
of domestic remedies set forth therein are applicable to the instant case
comes prior to and separate from the analysis of the merits, since it
depends on a different standard of appreciation from that used to
determine whether there has been a violation of Articles 8 and 25 of the
3 Report No. 05/03, Petition 519/2001, Jesús María Valle Jaramillo, Annual Report of
the IACHR 2003, para. 28. See also, Report No. 52/97, Case 11,218, Arges Sequeira
Mangas, Annual Report of the IACHR 1997, paras. 96 and 97; Report 55/97, Case
11,137, Juan Carlos Abella, Annual Report of the IACHR 1997, para. 392; and Report
57/00, Case 12,050, La Granja, Ituango, Annual Report of the IACHR 2000, para. 40.
8
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