32 At first, Myrna Mack Chang was surprised that she was not threatened due to the investigation she was conducting on the situation of the refugees and the internally displaced population and the massacres that gave rise to this phenomenon. However, the threats against Myrna Mack Chang came later. During the armed conflict, the Army carried out a task of recovery of the populations known as “Comunidades de Población en Resistencia” (CPR), starting with the population of the Sierra, in the area of Nebaj, and then encompassing the population of various areas in northern Chajul. The latter population groups deemed that the only way to save themselves was to make themselves known publicly, and for this they were able to meet in an assembly and draft a document that they wanted to publish and send to various eminent persons in Guatemala, such as the President of the Republic and the President of Congress. Said document was supposed to arrive in Guatemala on June 14, 1990. However, it never arrived. In July, Myrna Mack Chang attended a meeting on refugees and internally displaced persons held in San José, Costa Rica. At that meeting, it was said that a very important document was going to be published in Guatemala and they asked Myrna to send it to them as soon as she had a copy of the document. However, in August of that year Myrna Mack Chang began to receive phone calls from persons who wanted to know about the document, which made her very fearful, because if her phone was tapped, the Army would link her to said document. In point of fact, on August 18, 1990 and on September 9, 1990, the anthropologist visited his home and told him that she was being followed. On September 7, 1990, said document of the communities of resisting population was published and several days later, on September 11, Myrna was murdered. After hearing of the murder of the anthropologist, he linked what had happened to publication of the communiqué of the “CPR”, and he stated that the Army had killed Myrna Mack Chang, an innocent person. b. Testimony of Virgilio Rodríguez Santana, a former newspaper salesman21 At the time of the facts, he sold newspapers in Guatemala City near the Mack Chang family’s house, and he knew the family because he sold them newspapers for almost 15 years. He noted how in August, 1990, three individuals kept watch on the Mack Chang family’s house for two weeks, for which reason he decided to warn the “maid” at said house about the surveillance on the family. He heard of Myrna Mack Chang’s death on September 12, 1990. Certain police agents, among them agent Mérida Escobar, asked him to narrate what had happened and to help make “spoken pictures” of the persons who conducted the surveillance. They also asked him, twice, to identify some motorcycles possibly linked to the facts, and to identify the person whose picture they showed him as one of the men who had been watching the Mack Chang’s family house, which he refused to do, because he did not want any trouble. The photograph was of Noel de Jesús Beteta Álvarez. 21 He rendered testimony on the surveillance and following of the alleged victim before she was murdered, on the threats he suffered, and on other background pertaining to the object and purpose of the application.