12 35. In this view, growing poverty is the result of primarily economic and financial decisions taken by private actors in agreement with public actors, with far greater power than the States of developing countries. Responsibilities of multi-national firms and of multilateral bodies regarding abridgments of economic, social and cultural rights are addressed in this framework; thus, when the Human Rights Commission asserted that poverty abridges the fundamental right to life, it requested an analysis of the policies of the World Bank, of the World Trade Organization, of the International Monetary Fund, and of other international bodies. 32 36. Progress of International Human Rights Law requires that the international community acknowledge that poverty, and especially extreme poverty, is a form of abridgment of all human rights, civil, political, economic, and cultural, and that it act accordingly so as to facilitate identification of the internationally liable perpetrators. The economic growth system linked to a type of globalization that impoverishes growing sectors constitutes a “massive, flagrant, and systematic violation of human rights”, 33 in an increasingly interdependent world. This interpretation of the right to life, attuned to evolving times and current living conditions, must pay attention to the causes of extreme poverty and to their perpetrators. From this standpoint, the international responsibility of the State of Paraguay and of other Signatory States of the American Convention does not cease, but it is shared with the International Community that requires new instruments. 37. It is also necessary to take into account, in addition to what was stated in previous paragraphs, that Article 46(1)a of the Convention asserts that for a petition or communication filed before the Inter-American Commission pursuant to Articles 44 or 45 of the Convention to be admissible, it is necessary to have filed and exhausted domestic remedies, which did not happen in the instant case. With regard to the deceased members of the indigenous community, it is necessary to assert that if complaints had been filed in a timely manner under domestic venue regarding possible negligence that could lead to avoidable deaths, it would have been possible to correct, or at least to attenuate, said health problems; this path would have enabled an investigation of abridgments of the right to life, punishment into account the problems of both food-importing and food-exporting countries, to ensure an equitable distribution of world food supplies in relation to need.” E/CN.4/1995/101. para. 64. 32 E/CN.4/Sub 2/2004/25. Likewise, the United Nations Committee on Economic, Social and Cultural Rights has asserted in international fora that Intellectual Property rights as reflected in the Agreement on Trade-Related Aspects of Intellectual Property Rights (TRIPS) of the World Trade Organization are contrary to human rights treaties, conventions and agreements. E/CN.4/Sub 2/204/44 para. 11, 17, and 19. The Social Forum held in the framework of the United Nations Human Rights Commission, in 2004, highlighted the growing need to include a human rights dimension in international economic decisions, such as those pertaining to debt payment, trade, and free trade agreements, as a way to avoid generating poverty. International Conference on Poverty and Social Exclusion, held in San Jose, Costa Rica, in January 1997; General Assembly Resolution (A/RES/55/106) of 14 March 2001, Resolutions of the Commission on Human Rights and the General Assembly of the United Nations state that both poverty and social exclusion are a “violation of human dignity”. Paragraph 1; E/CN.4/Sub.2/1996/13, Final report on human rights and extreme poverty, submitted by the Special Rapporteur, Mr. Leandro Despouy; UNDP, Poverty reduction and human rights, a practice note (March 2003).; J. Bengoa, Implementation of existing human rights norms and standards in the context of the fight against extreme poverty (E/CN.4/Sub.2/2003/17. 33

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