35 Flores-Chipana, Marcelino Rosales-Cárdenas and Juan Gabriel Mariños-Figueroa. Petitioners did not know where the detainees were being taken. 80(16) Bertila Lozano-Torres and Luis Enrique Ortiz-Perea were “disappeared” until the discovery of their mortal remains in the clandestine graves in Cieneguilla and Huachipa, on July and November, 1993 (infra paras. 80(30) to 80(41)). Hugo Muñoz-Sánchez, Dora Oyague-Fierro, Felipe Flores-Chipana, Marcelino Rosales-Cárdenas, Armando Richard Amaro-Cóndor, Robert Edgar Teodoro-Espinoza, Heráclides Pablo-Meza and Juan Gabriel Mariños-Figueroa are still “disappeared.” The “Colina Group” 80(17) On May 6, 1993, Lt. Gen. Rodolfo Robles-Espinoza, the army’s third highest-ranking officer, published a handwritten document denouncing human rights violations by the Servicio de Inteligencia Nacional (National Intelligence Service) and the Commander General of the army, specifically referring to the killings of the La Cantuta University students. In said document, dated May 5, 1993, General Robles-Espinoza stated that: The La Cantuta crime was carried out by a special intelligence detachment operating under direct orders from Presidential Advisor and virtual head of the SIN, Vladimiro Montesinos, the actions of which are coordinated with the Army Intelligence Service (SIE) and the General Staff’s Intelligence Directorate (DINTE) but always are approved by and known to the Commander General of the Army.24 80(18) After the statements made by General Rodolfo Robles Espinoza, the existence of the Colina Group, whose members participated in the events of the instant case, became wellknown to the public (supra paras. 80(10) and 80(12)). This was a group related to the Servicio de Inteligencia Nacional (National Intelligence Service) whose operations were known by the President of the Republic and the Commander General of the Army. It had a hierarchical structure and its personnel received, besides their compensations as officials and sub-officials of the Army, money to cover their operative expenses and personal pecuniary compensations under the form of bonuses. The Colina Group carried out a State policy consisting in the identification, control and elimination of those persons suspected of belonging to insurgent groups or who opposed to the government of former President Alberto Fujimori. It operated through the implementation of systematic indiscriminate extralegal executions, selective killings, forced disappearances and tortures.25 24 During the proceedings of the instant case before the Commission, and with the purpose of undermining the statements made by General Rodolfo Robles-Espinoza, the State submitted copies of the testimonies given by the Brigade General of the Army, Willy Chirinos Chirinos, in cases 157-V-93 and 227-V-94, whereby he denied to have furnished the information upon which General Robles grounded his statements. With the same purpose, the State submitted a graphology expert report issued by the Direción de Criminalística de la Policía Nacional (Board of Criminalistics of the Peruvian Police), where the conclusion reached was that the document by means of which General Chirinos gave information to General Robles had not been personally drawn by the former. Besides, in order to prove the untruthfulness of the statements made by General Rodolfo Robles Espinoza, the State offered Brigade General Raúl Talledo-Valdivieso and FAP Co. José Alberto Balarzo-La Riva as witnesses. Their statements were taken at the hearing dated March 6, 2000, held by the commission within during its 106th term of sessions. 25 Pursuant to the Final Report of the CVR: “The so-called “Colina Group”, composed of members of the Army, is probably one of the groups specialized in forced disappearances and arbitrary excutions most widely known […] In 1991, top militay and political authorities ordered the officers of the intelligence operations division (AIO) belonging to the Servicio de Inteligencia del Ejército (SIE) (Army Intelligence Service) to create a squad reporting to the structure of the Dirección de Inteligencia del Ejército Perúano (DINTE), which was then known as «Colina Detachment». This group was in charge of operations especially designed to eliminate alleged subversives, sympathizers or collaborators of subversive organizations." Cf. Final Report of the Truth and Reconciliation Commission, 2003, Volume VI, Fourth Section, 1(3) "Arbitrary executions and massacres by State agents," p. 154.