- 87 - (i) Context of poverty in the abandonment and adoption procedures at the time of the facts Cf. UNICEF, Implementation Handbook for the Convention on the Rights of the Child, Fully revised third edition, 2007, p. 123. 470 See, inter alia, Committee on the Rights of the Child, Consideration of reports submitted by States Parties under Article 44 of the Convention, Concluding observations: Azerbaijan, March 17, 2006, UN Doc. CRC/C/AZE/CO/2, para. 37, and Concluding observations: Hungary, March 17, 2006, UN Doc. CRC/C/HUN/CO/2, para. 30; Committee on the Rights of the Child, Concluding observations on the fifth periodic report of Romania, July 13, 2017, UN Doc. CRC/C/ROU/CO/5, para. 45; Committee on the Rights of the Child, Concluding observations on the combined fourth and fifth periodic report of Lebanon, June 22, 2017, UN Doc. CRC/C/LBN/CO/4-5, para. 26; Committee on the Rights of the Child, Concluding observations on the third and fifth periodic reports of Malawi, March 6, 2017, UN Doc. CRC/C/MWI/CO/3-5, para. 29; Committee on the Rights of the Child, Concluding observations on the combined fifth and sixth period reports of Panama, February 28, 2018, UN Doc. CRC/C/PAN/CO/5-6, para. 26. 471 Committee on the Rights of the Child, Consideration of reports submitted by States Parties under Article 44 of the Convention, Concluding observations: Azerbaijan, March 17, 2006, UN Doc. CRC/C/AZE/CO/2, para. 38, and Concluding observations: Hungary, March 17, 2006, UN Doc. CRC/C/HUN/CO/2, paras. 32 and 33. Similarly, see, inter alia, Committee on the Rights of the Child, Consideration of reports submitted by States parties under Article 44 of the Convention, Concluding observations: Bulgaria, January 24, 1997, UN Doc. CRC/C/15/Add.66, paras. 27 and 28, and Committee on the Rights of the Child, Consideration of reports submitted by States parties under Article 44 of the Convention, Concluding observations: Paraguay, February 10, 2010, UN Doc. CRC/C/PRY/CO/3, para. 41. 472 In a report prepared for UNICEF, the Latin American Institute for Education and Communication (ILPEC) concluded that: “[t]he high international demand for children and the poverty experienced by most Guatemalan families has created a situation where the processing of adoptions occurs according to the “laws of supply and demand,” effectively resulting in the trafficking of children.” Latin American Institute for Education and Communication (ILPEC), “Adoption and the Rights of the Child in Guatemala,” prepared for the United Nations Children’s Fund (UNICEF) in 2000 (evidence file, folio 2983). 473

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