86. The Community Council of the Communities of the Cacarica River basin is composed of the following communities: Balsagira, Balsita, Bocachica, Bogota, Bocas del Limón, Peranchito, Quebrada Bonita, Quebrada del Medio, La Honda, Las Mercedes Barranquilla, La Virginia Perancho, Las Pajas, Montañita Cirilo, Puente América, Puerto Berlín, Puerto Nuevo, San Higinio, San José de Balsa, Santa Lucía, Teguerre Medio, Varsovia, Vijao Cacarica and Villa Hermosa la Raya, all of them located in the jurisdiction of the municipality of Riosucio, Chocó department, between the left bank of the Atrato River and the right bank of the Cacarica River.100 87. The region’s economy is basically that of self-sufficiency, and depends on growing subsistence crops (“pancoger”), artisanal fishing, hunting and logging.101 As regards the living conditions of the inhabitants of the area – predominantly Afro-descendants102 — many of their basic needs are not met.103 In this regard, the Court takes note that the Colombian Constitutional Court104 and the Ombudsman’s Office,105 together with other public entities, 106 inter-governmental agencies involved in the international protection of human rights,107 and 100 Cf. Colombian Agrarian Reform Institute. Decision No. 841 of April 26, 1999 (evidence file, folio 47058), and Colombian Constitutional Court, Judgment T-955 of October 17, 2003 (evidence file, folio 134). Similarly, Testimony of Jesús Alfonso Flórez López, expert witness proposed by the representatives of the presumed victims, before the InterAmerican Court of Human Rights during the public hearing on February 12, 2013, as well as the anthropological appraisal provided during the hearing (evidence file, folios 16477 and 16485). 101 Cf. Anthropological appraisal of Jesús Alfonso Flórez López, expert witness proposed by the representatives of the presumed victims, before the Inter-American Court of Human Rights during the public hearing on February 12, 2013, and Prosecutor General’s Office, Justice and Peace Unit, Dossier on the Elmer Cárdenas Bloc, Genesis (evidence file, folios 44471 to 44473). 102 Cf. Anthropological appraisal provided in the testimony of Jesús Alfonso Flórez López expert witness proposed by the representatives of the presumed victims, before the Inter-American Court of Human Rights during the public hearing on February 12, 2013 (evidence file, folios 16473 and 16475). 103 Cf. Affidavit prepared on January 31, 2013, by María Paulina Leguizamón Zarate, expert witness proposed by the State (evidence file, folio 15413). Similarly, see Colombian Constitutional Court, proceedings No. 005 of January 26, 2009 (evidence file, folios 15382 to 15474). In this regard, documents of the National Council for Economic and Social Policy, National Planning Department (hereinafter “CONPES”), outline positive actions to provide attention to the said communities: No. 3618 “Guidelines for the income-generation policy for the communities living in extreme poverty and/or displacement” (evidence file, folios 44587 to 44589); No. 3169 “Policies for the Afro-Colombian population” (evidence file, folios 44859 and 44860); No. 3180 “Program for the reconstruction and sustainable development of the Urabá Antioqueño and Chocóano and the Bajo and Medio Atrato. Extension to CONPES No. 3169” (evidence file, folios 44879 to 44890); No. 3310, “Affirmative action policy for Colombia’s black population” (evidence file, folios 44901, 44915, 44922 to 44933); No. 3660, “Policy to promote equal opportunities for the Black, Afro-Colombian, Palenquera and Raizal peoples” (evidence file, folios 44992 to 45015). Also, Prosecutor General’s Office, proceeding: Marino López Mena, File 2332, volume 1 (evidence file, folio 17194). 104 Cf. Colombian Constitutional Court. Proceeding 005 of January 26, 2009 (evidence file, folio 1681 and ff.). Also, see Colombian Constitutional Court, Judgments T-422 of September 10, 1996; T-586 of July 31, 2007, and proceeding No. 222 of June 17, 2009, cited in the testimony provided by affidavit by Olga Amparo Sánchez Gómez, expert witness proposed by the representatives (evidence file, folio 15196). 105 Cf. Ombudsman’s Office and others, Public communiqué on the verification of abuses committed by the SelfDefense Forces and the FARC against the indigenous communities of Antioquia, Salaquí, Chocó, September 16, 2005 (evidence file, folio 48112); Institutional Commission of the Ombudsman’s Office to the Jiguamiando River Basin, Report, March 12-17, 2003 (evidence file, 48413, 48416 and 48422); Ministry of the Interior and of Justice, Social Action, Public Prosecution Service, and the Ombudsman’s Office. Project to provide attention to high-risk communities: Bajo Atrato and Urabá Concertation Committee (evidence file, folio 50003 to 50014); Ombudsman’s Office. Decision No. 51 of the Ombudsman, Human rights in the subregions of Bajo Atrato and the Darién - Chocó department, Bogota DC, December 14, 2007 (evidence file, folio 47981), and Decision No. 025 of the Ombudsman on the massive human rights violations and forced displacement in the Bajo Atrato region of Chocó, Bogota, October 2002 (evidence file, folios 229 and 230). 106 Cf. CONPES documents: No. 3169 of May 23, 2002 (evidence file, folios 45916 to 45921); No. 3310 of September 20, 2004 (evidence file, folios 45959, 45961, and 45962), No. 3660 of May 10, 2010 (evidence file, folios 46005), and No. 3616 of September 28, 2009 (evidence file, folio 44541). 107 Cf. “Report of the United Nations High Commissioner for Human Rights on the situation of human rights in Colombia,” sixty-first session, 28 February 2005, E/CN.4/2005/10 (evidence file, folios 2332 and 2333). Similarly, United Nations, Economic and Social Council: Racism, racial discrimination, xenophobia and all forms of discrimination. 30