others indicated that bombing was heard in the area of the Salaquí River, Playa Bonita,
Teguerre, Caño Seco or Tamboral;455 (c) others heard about the bombing indirectly through
third parties;456 (d) some people indicated that they had seen planes and/or helicopters;457 (e)
others stated that they had not seen planes, 458 and (f) some inhabitants heard bombing near
Puente América.459
233. Fourth, other statements by paramilitaries referred to bombing or machine-gunning from
helicopters of the Colombian Armed Forces, in a place known as “La Loma” or “Loma de
Cacarica,”460 while the paramilitaries were in the Los Katios National Park near Sautatá,461
around 12 kilometers to the north of Puente América and about 10 kilometers from the place
known as Loma de Cacarica.462 Thus, as indicated by the State, the site of Loma de Cacarica is
approximately two kilometers to the north of the place identified as objective No. 6 for
Operation Genesis, Puente América.463 This is consistent with some testimonies provided by
inhabitants of La Virginia,464 Puente América465 and El Limón,466 who stated that they had heard
explosions and/or bombing at Loma de Cacarica. Furthermore, this version of the events
coincides with the hypothesis of the Prosecutor General of what happened during Operation
Genesis, according to which the Armed Forces had provided aerial support to the paramilitaries
by bombing areas near Puente América.467
Paez, on January 21, 2013 (evidence file, folios 15070 to 15073 and 15042); Interview with C.M.P.M. by the Apartadó
Judicial Police on April 15, 2010 (helpful evidence: Law 975(1), p. 115) (evidence file, folio 44561).
455
Cf. Statements made before the Prosecutor General’s Office, National Human Rights and International
Humanitarian Law Unit, by J.E.V.R. on November 5, 2008, Luis Aristarco Hinestrosa on April 13, 2007 and Margarita
Vergara on November 11, 2002 (evidence file, folios 16998, 17341 and 642); and Affidavits prepared by Alicia
Mosquera Hurtado and Lucelis Bautista Pérez on January 21, 2013 (evidence file, folios 14972 and 15003).
456
Cf. Affidavit prepared by Jerónimo Perez Argumedo on January 21, 2013 (evidence file, folios 14923).
457
Cf. Affidavits of January 21, 2013 prepared by John Jairo Mena, Eleodro Sánchez Mosquera and Ángel Nelis
Palacios (evidence file, folios 14982, 15011 and 14994).
458
Cf. Statements made before the Prosecutor General’s Office, National Human Rights and International
Humanitarian Law Unit, by Luis Airstarco Hinestrosa on April 13, 2007, J.E.V.R. on November 5, 2008, and M.B.S. on
December 11, 2002 (evidence file, folio 17341, 16998 and 641).
459
Cf. Statements made before the Prosecutor General’s Office, National Human Rights and International
Humanitarian Law Unit, by M.A.C.M. and C.M.R. on December 11, 2002 (evidence file, folios 632 and 612) and Affidavit
prepared by Marcos Fidel Velásquez on January 21, 2013 (evidence file, folio 14950).
460
Cf. Voluntary confessions made by William Soto Salcedo and Alberto García Sevilla, in Collective voluntary
confessions of the candidates of the Elmer Cárdenas Bloc concerning Operation Genesis – Cacarica before the 48th
Delegate Prosecutor, Justice and Peace Unit, Medellín, April 29, 2010 (evidence file, folios 19177 and 19187).
461
Cf. Statements made by William Soto Salcedo and Fredy Rendón, Collective voluntary confessions of the
candidates of the Elmer Cárdenas Bloc concerning Operation Genesis – Cacarica before the Justice and Peace Unit, 48th
Delegate Prosecutor, Medellín, April 29, 2010 (evidence file, folio 19177 and 19192).
462
Distance calculated by the Court based on the coordinates provided by the State and not contested by the
representatives.
463
Distance calculated by the Court based on the coordinates provided by the State and not contested by the
representatives. The State indicated, in particular, that there were several places in the region that were known as La
Loma. One of them corresponded to military objective No. 2 near the Salaquí River, more than 30 milometers to the
south of Puente América, and two others were places that were, respectively, 1.8 and 2.2 kilometers to the north of the
Puente América objective.
464
Cf. Affidavits prepared by Jhon Jairo Mena and Eleodro Sanchez Mosquera on January 21, 2013 (evidence file,
folios 14983 and 15011).
465
Cf. Testimony of M.A.C.M. before the Prosecutor General’s Office, National Human Rights and International
Humanitarian Law Unit, on December 11, 2002 (evidence file, folio 632).
466
Cf. Affidavits prepared by Marco Fidel Velásquez and Ernestina Valencia Teheran on January 21, 2013
(evidence file, folios 14949 and 15021).
467
Cf. Prosecutor General’s Office, document and Powerpoint presentation “Operation Cacarica” (evidence file,
folios 19258 and 19263); 14th Special Prosecutor, National Human Rights and International Humanitarian Law Unit,
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