57
j)
As to the existence of procedures permitting the enforcement of
fundamental rights, there are six types of protective measure, which are
regulated in the Constitution. Such recourses were only used effectively in
February 2002.
Moreover, Peru “has guaranteed compliance with the
decisions, creating mechanisms to make them effective, and it has not been
demonstrated, as required according to the principles of the burden of proof,
that it has in any way interfered with the execution of the said rulings”;
k)
Since no judicial proceeding was filed against the MEF or other State
body, owing to the application of Decree Law No. 25792, “it is evident that
the fundamental presumption for filing a proceeding before the Court does
not exist, because domestic remedies have not been exhausted[, …] which
implied having cited the Ministry of Economy and Finance, through the
respective Public Attorney responsible for the defense of the State, regarding
the actions of this Ministry.” In view of the lack of a complaint, this Ministry
has “acted, based on the conviction that its processing of the pensions of the
pensioners was correct”;
l)
The judicial decisions issued as a result of the applications for
protective measures have special execution mechanisms, such as coercion of
the responsible official and the latter’s possible civil liability for noncompliance. “The correct use of this procedural mechanism would have
ensured compliance with the decision – as it subsequently did. Therefore, the
State of Peru cannot be accused of not complying with judicial decisions if all
the existing execution mechanisms regulated by domestic legislation had not
been exhausted’; and
m)
“The pensioners filed several actions, including criminal proceedings,
which were dismissed, which only shows that they were not filed
appropriately.”
Considerations of the Court
125.
Article 25 of the Convention establishes that:
1.
Everyone has the right to simple and prompt recourse, or any other effective
recourse, to a competent court or tribunal for protection against acts that violate his
fundamental rights recognized by the constitution or laws of the state concerned or by this
Convention, even though such violation may have been committed by persons acting in the
course of their official duties.
2.
The States Parties undertake:
a.
to ensure that any person claiming such remedy shall have his rights determined by
the competent authority provided for by the legal system of the state;
126.
b.
to develop the possibilities of judicial remedy; and
c.
to ensure that the competent authorities shall enforce such remedies when granted
The Court has said that:
[…] it is not enough that such recourses exist formally; they must be effective; that is,
they must give results or responses to the violations of rights established in the
Convention. This Court has also held that remedies that, due to the general situation of
the country or even the particular circumstances of any given case, prove illusory cannot
be considered effective. This may happen when, for example, they prove to be useless
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