B.
The “seizing” of the residence of the Japanese ambassador to
Peru by members of the Túpac Amaru Revolutionary Movement (MRTA) 43
C.
Negotiations between the government and the guerrillas............. 44
D.
Planning the “Nipón 69 Plan of Operation” or “Operation Chavín
de Huántar” ..................................................................................................................................... 46
E.
Execution of “Plan of Operation Nipón 96” or Operation “Chavín
de Huántar” ..................................................................................................................................... 50
F.
Actions subsequent to the operation .......................................................... 53
G.
Investigation of the facts and beginning of criminal proceedings
in the ordinary courts ................................................................................................................ 55
H.
The jurisdictional dispute and the military courts .............................. 60
I.
Continuation of the criminal case in the ordinary courts ................ 64
J.
Criminal proceedings against Alberto Fujimori Fujimori and
Manuel Tullume Gonzáles ....................................................................................................... 73
IX THE RIGHT TO LIFE, READ IN CONJUNCTION WITH THE OBLIGATION TO
RESPECT AND GUARANTEE RIGHTS ...................................................................................... 75
A.
Arguments of the parties and of the Commission ............................... 75
B.
Considerations of the Court .............................................................................. 78
B.1
The right to life and analysis of the use of force in the circumstances and
context of the facts in this case. ................................................................................................ 78
B.2
Matters to be examined and verified by the Inter-American Court ......... 86
B.3
Circumstances surrounding the death of Eduardo Nicolás Cruz Sánchez
and the alleged international responsibility of the State .................................................. 89
B.4
Circumstances surrounding the deaths of Herma Luz Meléndez Cueva
and Víctor Salomón Peceros Pedraza and the State’s alleged international
responsibility ...................................................................................................................................... 98
X RIGHT TO JUDICIAL GUARANTEES AND RIGHT TO JUDICIAL PROTECTION,
READ IN CONJUNCTION WITH THE OBLIGATION TO RESPECT AND
GUARANTEE RIGHTS AND THE OBLIGATION TO ADOPT DOMESTIC LEGAL
EFFECTS ............................................................................................................................................... 107
A.
case
General discussion of the obligation to investigate in the instant
108
B.
Initial procedures and securing of evidence......................................... 110
C.
Duty to initiate an investigation ex officio ............................................. 114
D.
The military courts’ lack of jurisdiction to hold trial on the alleged
extrajudicial executions of Herma Luz Meléndez Cueva and Víctor Salomón
Peceros Pedraza ......................................................................................................................... 116