The material it forwards to the State, according to Article 28(8) of these Rules of Procedure,
should indeed include information on “any steps taken to exhaust domestic remedies, or the
impossibility of doing so as provided in Article 31 of these Rules of Procedure”. Article 30(3),
cited above, goes on so say, “[t]he State shall submit its response within three months from
the date the request is transmitted.” This response should of course include the preliminary
objection on failure to exhaust domestic remedies if the State so wishes.
This is in fact why Article 31(3) of the Commission’s Rules of the Rules of Procedure stipulates,
“[w]hen the petitioner contends that he or she is unable to prove compliance with the
requirement indicated in this article, it shall be up to the State concerned to demonstrate to
the Commission that the remedies under domestic law have not been previously exhausted,
unless that is clearly evident from the record.”
In other words, if the petitioner should argue in the petition that he or she is unable to
demonstrate that domestic remedies have been exhausted, the State may challenge the claim
and in this event must demonstrate that the available remedies have not been exhausted,
especially if this not clearly evident in the case file. The Court’s own words need to be
understood in terms of just such an event, to wit, that a “State that claims failure to exhaust
domestic remedies needs to spell out the particular domestic remedies that have not yet been
exhausted and demonstrate that they were in fact available and were appropriate, fitting and
effective.”26
It naturally bears recalling, although this is not expressly addressed in the Commission’s Rules
of Procedure, that when the petitioner states in the petition that he or she has previously
exhausted domestic remedies and has thus fully complied with the requirements of Article
46(1)(a) of the Convention, the State may then lodge an objection claiming that this has not
occurred.
It is thus clear that compliance with the rule on prior exhaustion of domestic remedies, or the
impossibility of doing so, must be spelled out in the petition, or otherwise, the State would
not be able to respond to it; once again, this demonstrates that the requirement needs to
have been met previously, before lodging the petition whose relevant parts are forwarded to
the State for response.
The stipulations of Article 30(5) and (6) of the Commission’s Rules of the Rules of Procedure
point in this very direction. More specifically, the article says, “(p)rior to deciding upon the
admissibility of the petition, the Commission may invite the parties to submit additional
observations, either in writing or in a hearing, as provided for in Chapter V of these Rules of
Procedure” and “(t)he considerations on or challenges to the admissibility of the petition shall
be submitted as from the time that the relevant parts of the petition are forwarded to the
State and prior to the Commission’s decision on admissibility.” This does not leave room for
doubt about the fact that these additional comments and any considerations or challenges
26
Idem.
9
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