representatives’ request, this medical and psychological care may be provided by the healers of the Maya Achí community, in keeping with their own health practices and using traditional medicines;358 accordingly, the State must reach an agreement with the representatives on the way in which this reparation will be executed. C.3. Guarantees of non-repetition C.3.1. Training for prosecutors, judges and members of the military forces 290. The Commission asked the Court to order the State “to implement permanent programs on human rights and international humanitarian law in the training establishments of the armed forces.” The representatives asked the Court to order the State “to train judges and prosecutors on human rights issues and [on] the significance of the violations of these rights for the appropriate processing of court cases involving serious human rights violations.” The State “undert[ook]” to continue offering training sessions for judges and prosecutors through institutions such as “the Educational Department of the Presidential Commission for Coordination of the Executive’s Human Rights Policies,” “the National Commission for Monitoring and Supporting the Strengthening of the Justice System,” and the jurisdictional instances. 291. The Court assesses positively the State’s willingness to execute the said program. Nevertheless, this Court has also noted the impunity of the facts of the instant case (supra para. 236); therefore, it is important to enhance the State’s institutional capacities by training judges, prosecutors and members of the Armed Forces in order to avoid a repetition of facts such as those analyzed in this case.359 In this regard, the Court recalls that, in the judgment delivered in the case of Myrna Mack Chang v. Guatemala, the State was ordered “to include in the training courses for members of the armed forces, the police, and its security agencies, training on human rights and international humanitarian law.”360 Furthermore, in the judgment handed down in the case of the Dos Erres Massacre v. Guatemala, it also stipulated that the State must “implement training courses on human rights for different State authorities.”361 358 See, the United Nations Declaration on the Rights of the Indigenous Peoples, Article 24: 1. Indigenous peoples have the right to their traditional medicines and to maintain their health practices, including the conservation of their vital medicinal plants, animals and minerals. Indigenous individuals also have the right to access, without any discrimination, all social and health services. 2. Indigenous individuals have an equal right to the enjoyment of the highest attainable standard of physical and mental health. States shall take the necessary steps with a view to achieving progressively the full realization of this right. See also, ILO Convention concerning Indigenous and Tribal People in Independent Countries, 1989 (No. 169): Article 25: 1. Governments shall ensure that adequate health services are made available to the peoples concerned, or shall provide them with resources to allow them to design and deliver such services under their own responsibility and control, so that they may enjoy the highest attainable standard of physical and mental health. 2. Health services shall, to the extent possible, be community-based. These services shall be planned and administered in co-operation with the peoples concerned and take into account their economic, geographic, social and cultural conditions as well as their traditional preventive care, healing practices and medicines. […] In the publication Convention No. 169 on indigenous and tribal peoples 1989 (No.169): A manual (2003), p. 60, the ILO establishes guidelines for health programs. Among other matters, the said programs must: (i) be community-based; (ii) be complementary to traditional healing practices and should include them; (iii) have the active involvement of the community; (iv) train local people to work to provide health care, and (v) Governments should provide the resources for these health care services, as they do for all citizens. 359 Cf. Case of El Caracazo v. Venezuela. Reparations and costs, supra, para. 127, and Case of Contreras et al. v. El Salvador, supra, para. 186(b). 360 Case of Myrna Mack Chang v. Guatemala, supra, para. 282. 361 Case of the Dos Erres Massacre v. Guatemala, supra, twelfth operative paragraph. 99

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