of the penitentiary authorities of the Colombian State, as well as the law enforcement authorities in charge of guarding the outside of the prison.” 10 21. In the context of this journalistic work, Jineth Bedoya began to receive death threats and was the victim of an attack in which her mother, Luz Nelly Lima, was injured. 11 22. Jineth Bedoya reported these events to the Security Administration Department [Departamento Administrativo de Seguridad] (DAS). 12 On August 25, 1999, the Director of Protection of the DAS sent a written communication to the journalist, informing her that the technical risk study conducted by the DAS Protection Committee revealed “factors constituting a risk to her rights to freedom, life, and personal integrity,” which led to the provisional assignment of a protection detail to her. 13 On September 20 of the same year, Jineth Bedoya addressed a communication to the DAS, stating that she would accept the protection detail offered “due to the resumption of threats against her life.” 14 The protection detail was never implemented and the threats continued. 15 El Espectador decided to send the journalist out of the country for two weeks as a protective measure. On her return in October 1999, she again received threats, which she reported to the DAS. In November, she was followed, which she also reported to the DAS. 16 However, on November 24, 1999, the Coordinator of the Protection Department of the Ministry of the Interior notified the journalist that “in response to the request for protection made to this Office [...] it is concluded that your case does not fall within the target population covered by the Protection Program of this Ministry, in accordance with the provisions of Decree 0372 of 1996, Article 32,” and recommended that she contact the State security agencies directly. 17 23. On April 27, 2000, there was a confrontation between paramilitaries and groups of inmates convicted of common crimes inside the Modelo National Prison, which resulted in the death of 27 detainees. Jineth Bedoya reported the events systematically and, in particular, investigated complaints about the role of the paramilitaries in the massacre and the actions of law enforcement authorities. 18 Annex 3. Office of the 49th Special Prosecutor of the National Prosecutor’s Office for Human Rights and International Humanitarian Law. Determination on the Merits of the Investigation. September 26, 2014. Case 807, C18, pp. 1-51. Annex 12 to the communication of the petitioner received on May 29, 2015. 11 Annex 4. Office of the National Prosecutor General. UNDH. Supplemental statement of Jineth Bedoya Lima. June 8, 2000. Case 807, C1, pp. 85-94. Annexes to the communication of the petitioner received on May 29, 2015; Annex 2. Office of the National Prosecutor General. UNDH. Sworn statement of Jorge Enrique Cardona Álzate. November 1, 2011. Case 807, C8, pp. 95-107. Annex 12 to the communication of the petitioner received on May 29, 2015; and Annex 5. Office of the National Prosecutor General. Anti-Extortion and Kidnapping Sub-Unit. Complaint filed by Jorge Cardona Alzate. May 26, 2000. C1, pp. 1-4. Annex 12 to the communication of the petitioner received on May 29, 2015. 12 Annex 4. Office of the National Prosecutor General. UNDH. Supplemental statement of Jineth Bedoya Lima. June 8, 2000. Case 807, C1, pp. 85-94. Annex 12 to the communication of the petitioner received on May 29, 2015; Annex 2. Office of the National Prosecutor General. UNDH. Sworn statement of Jorge Enrique Cardona Álzate. November 1, 2011. Case 807, C8, pp. 95-107. Annex 12 to the communication of the petitioner received on May 29, 2015; and Annex 5. Office of the National Prosecutor General. Anti-Extortion and Kidnapping Sub-Unit. Complaint filed by Jorge Cardona Alzate. May 26, 2000. C1, pp. 1-4. Annex 12 to the communication of the petitioner received on May 29, 2015. 13 Annex 6. Security Administration Department (DAS). August 25, 1999. Annex 13 to the communication of the petitioner received on May 29, 2015. 14 Annex 7. Jineth Bedoya Lima. Communication to the DAS Director of Protection. September 20, 1999. Annex 13 to the communication of the petitioner received on May 29, 2015. 15 Annex 4. Office of the National Prosecutor General. UNDH. Supplemental statement of Jineth Bedoya Lima. June 8, 2000. Case 807, C1, pp. 85-94. Annex 12 to the communication of the petitioner received on May 29, 2015. 16 Annex 4. Office of the National Prosecutor General. UNDH. Supplemental statement of Jineth Bedoya Lima. June 8, 2000. Case 807, C1, pp. 85-94. Annex 12 to the communication of the petitioner received on May 29, 2015. 17 Annex 8. Ministry of the Interior. Special Administrative Unit for Human Rights. Communication of the Director of Protection to Jineth Bedoya. November 24, 1999. Annex 24 to the communication of the petitioner received on May 29, 2015. 18 Annex 8. Ministry of the Interior. Special Administrative Unit for Human Rights. Communication of the Director of Protection to Jineth Bedoya. November 24, 1999. Annex 24 to the communication of the petitioner received on May 29, 2015; Annex 4. Office of the National Prosecutor General. UNDH. Supplemental statement of Jineth Bedoya Lima. June 8, 2000. Case 807, C1, pp. 85-88. Annex 12 to the communication of the petitioner received on May 29, 2015; Annex 2. Office of the National Prosecutor General. UNDH. Sworn statement of Jorge Enrique Cardona Álzate. November 1, 2011. Case 807, C8, pp. 95-107. Annex 12 to the communication of the petitioner received on May 29, 2015. 10 5