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Manuel Ventura Robles Margarette May Macaulay Rhadys Abreu Blondet Alberto Pérez Pérez Pablo Saavedra Alessandri Secretary So ordered, Diego García-Sayán President Pablo Saavedra Alessandri Secretary 117

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I INTRODUCTION OF THE CASE AND PURPOSE OF THE DISPUTE6
II PROCEEDINGS BEFORE THE COURT 8
III PRELIMINARY OBJECTIONS12
A. Preliminary objection concerning the procedural purpose of the case12
A.1. Arguments of the Commission and pleadings of the parties12
A.2. Considerations of the Court2
B. Preliminary objection arguing the existence of international res judicata 13
B.1. Arguments of the Commission and pleadings of the parties 3
B2. Considerations of the Court14
C. Preliminary objection on the procedural claims of the representative with regard to Saúl Cristian Roldán Cajal17
C.1. Arguments of the Commission and pleadings of the parties17
C.2. Considerations of the Court18
D. Claims for pecuniary reparation made by the representative of the presumed victims2
D.1. Arguments of the Commission and pleadings of the parties19
D.2. Considerations of the Court19
IV COMPETENCE20
V EVIDENCE20
A. Documentary, testimonial and expert evidence 20
B. Admission of the evidence 20
VI PRELIMINARY CONSIDERATIONS21
A. Factual framework of the case21
B. Presumed victims23
C. Age of majority in Argentina24
VII PROVEN FACTS24
A. Social and family background of César Alberto Mendoza, Claudio David Núñez, Lucas Matías Mendoza, Saúl Cristian Roldán Cajal and Ricardo David Videla Fernández during their childhood2
B. Law 22,278 26
C. The criminal sentences handed down in this case28
C.1. César Alberto Mendoza28
C.2. Claudio David Núñez and Lucas Matías Mendoza29
C.3. Saúl Cristian Roldán Cajal 31
C.4. Ricardo David Videla Fernández32
D. Judicial decisions in Argentina following the issue of Merits Report No. 172/10 of the Inter-American Commission and the submission of the case to the Inter-American Court33
D.1. Decision of the Second Chamber of the Mendoza Supreme Court of Justice of March 9, 2012, setting aside the conviction of Saúl Cristian Roldán Cajal 33
D.2. Decision of the Federal Criminal Cassation Chamber of August 21, 2012, annulling the sentences of César Alberto Mendoza, Claudio David Núñez and Lucas Matías Mendoza33
D.3. Special federal appeal of the Prosecutor General against the decision handed down in favor of César Alberto Mendoza, Claudio David Núñez and Lucas Matías Mendoza in the appeal for review34
D.4. Incidental plea for the release of César Alberto Mendoza, Claudio David Núñezand Lucas Matías Mendoza34
E. Lucas Matías Mendoza's loss of vision35
F. Detention conditions in the Mendoza provincial prisons, the death of Ricardo David Videla Fernández, and its investigation37
F.1. Situation of violence in the Mendoza provincial prisons37
F.2. Death of Ricardo David Videla Fernández 3
F.3. The prosecution’s investigation into the death of Ricardo David Videla Fernández39
F.4. Administrative investigation into the death of Ricardo David Videla Fernández42
G. The injuries sustained by Lucas Matías Mendoza and Claudio David Núñez in Ezeiza Federal Prison Complex No. 143
VIII RIGHTS TO PERSONAL INTEGRITY, PERSONAL LIBERTY, AND OF THE CHILD IN RELATION TO THE OBLIGATIONS TO RESPECT AND ENSURE RIGHTS47
A. Arguments of the Commission and pleadings of the parties47
B. Considerations of the Court48
B.1. The sentences imposed on Saúl Cristian Roldán Cajal, Ricardo David Videla Fernández, César Alberto Mendoza, Claudio David Núñez and Lucas Matías Mendoza53
B.2. Arbitrariness of the criminal sanctions3
B.3. Purpose of the sentence to imprisonment 3
IX THE RIGHTS TO PERSONAL INTEGRITY AND OF THE CHILD, IN RELATION TO THE OBLIGATIONS TO RESPECT AND GUARANTEE RIGHTS58
A. Life imprisonment and reclusion for life as cruel and inhuman treatment58
A.1. Arguments of the Commission and pleadings of the parties3
A.2. Considerations of the Court2
B. Lack of adequate medical care in relation to the loss of vision of Lucas Matías Mendoza62
B.1. Arguments of the Commission and pleadings of the parties62
B.2. Considerations of the Court63
C. Torture suffered by Lucas Matías Mendoza and Claudio David Núñez3
C.1. Arguments of the Commission and pleadings of the parties3
C.2. Considerations of the Court66
X RIGHTS TO JUDICIAL GUARANTEES, TO JUDICIAL PROTECTION, AND OF THE CHILD, IN RELATION TO THE OBLIGATION TO RESPECT AND ENSURE RIGHTS, AS WELL AS THE OBLIGATIONS ESTABLISHED IN ARTICLES 1, 6, AND 8 OF THE INTER-AMERICAN CONVENTION TO PREVENT AND PUNISH TORTURE70
A. Investigation into the death of Ricardo David Videla Fernández70
A.1. Arguments of the Commission and pleadings of the parties70
A.2. Considerations of the Court71
A.2.1. Obligation to investigate the death of a person in the State’s custody71
A.2.2. Due diligence in the investigation of the death of Ricardo David Videla 72
A.2.2.1. Lines of investigation 72
A.2.2.2. Other alleged violations75
B. Investigation of the acts of torture against Lucas Matías Mendoza and Claudio David Núñez 76
B.1. Arguments of the Commission and pleadings of the parties76
B.2. Considerations of the Court 76
C. Right to appeal the sentence78
C.1. Arguments of the Commission and pleadings of the parties78
C.2. Considerations of the Court79
C.2.1. The right to appeal the judgments convicting César Alberto Mendoza, Claudio David Núñez, Lucas Matías Mendoza, Saúl Cristian Roldán Cajal and Ricardo David Videla Fernández81
D. Right to defense86
D.1. Arguments of the Commission and pleadings of the parties 86
D.2. Considerations of the Court2
XI RIGHT TO PERSONAL INTEGRITY OF THE VICTIMS’ NEXT OF KIN88
A. Arguments of the Commission and pleadings of the parties 88
B. Considerations of the Court89
B.1. Effects on the personal integrity of the victims’ next of kin89
B.1.1. Next of kin of César Alberto Mendoza90
B.1.2. Next of kin of Claudio David Núñez90
B.1.3. Next of kin of Lucas Matías Mendoza91
B.1.4. Next of kin of Saúl Cristian Roldán Cajal 92
B.1.5. Next of kin of Ricardo David Videla Fernández93
B.1.6. Conclusions93
XII DOMESTIC LEGAL EFFECTS 93
A. Law 22,27894
A.1. Arguments of the Commission and pleadings of the parties94
A.2. Considerations of the Court94
B. Cassation4
B.1. Arguments of the Commission and pleadings of the parties3
B.2. Considerations of the Court96
XIII REPARATIONS4
A. Injured party4
B. Measures of integral reparation: rehabilitation, satisfaction, and guarantees of non-repetition4
B.1. Rehabilitation98
B.1.1. Physical and psychological98
B.1.1.1. Arguments of the Commission and pleadings of the parties 98
B.1.1.2. Considerations of the Court98
B.1.2. Education and/or training99
B.1.2.1. Arguments of the Commission and pleadings of the parties 99
B.1.2.2. Considerations of the Court99
B.2. Satisfaction 101
B.2.1. Publication and dissemination of the pertinent parts of the judgment101
B.2.1.1. Arguments of the Commission and pleadings of the parties 101
B.2.1.2. Considerations of the Court101
B.3. Guarantees of non-repetition4
B.3.1. Juvenile Criminal Regime101
B.3.1.1. Arguments of the Commission and pleadings of the parties101
B.3.1.2. Considerations of the Court 102
B.3.2. Ensure that life imprisonment and reclusion for life are never again imposed 103
B.3.3. Right to appeal the judgment 104
B.3.3.1. Arguments of the Commission and pleadings of the parties104
B.3.3.2. Considerations of the Court 105
B.3.4. Training for State authorities4
B.3.4.1. Arguments of the Commission and pleadings of the parties 105
B.3.4.2. Considerations of the Court106
C. Obligation to investigate the facts and to identify, prosecute and, as appropriate, punish those responsible106
C.1. Investigation into the death of Ricardo David Videla Fernández 106
C.1.1. Arguments of the Commission and pleadings of the parties 106
C.1.2. Considerations of the Court107
C.2. Investigation into the acts of torture suffered by Lucas Matías Mendoza and Claudio David Núñez 107
C.2.1. Arguments of the Commission and pleadings of the parties 107
C.2.2. Considerations of the Court107
D. Compensation108
D.1. Pecuniary damage108
D.1.1. Arguments of the Commission and pleadings of the parties 108
D.1.2. Considerations of the Court 109
D.2. Non-pecuniary damage109
D.2.1. Arguments of the Commission and pleadings of the parties 109
D.2.2. Considerations of the Court110
E. Costs and expenses 5
E.1. Pleadings of the representative 5
E.2. Considerations of the Court111
F. Other measures of reparation requested 111
G. Reimbursement of expenses to the Victims’ Legal Assistance Fund112
H. Method of compliance with the payments ordered112
XIV OPERATIVE PARAGRAPHS113

Mendoza y otros. Judgment. May 14, 2013

IACourt judgment

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Type

Merits
Preliminary Objections
Reparations

Date: May 14, 2013

Mechanism

Corte Interamericana de Derechos Humanos

Number: C-260

Country

Argentina

Signatories

Alberto Pérez Pérez
Diego García-Sayán
Manuel E. Ventura Robles
Margarette May Macaulay
Rhadys Abreu Blondet

Primary Documents

Mendoza et al. Preliminary Objections, Merits and Reparations. Judgment. May 14, 2013.pdf
English
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Mendoza y otros. Excepciones Preliminares, Fondo y Reparaciones. Sentencia de 14 de Mayo de 2013.pdf
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Supporting files

Mendoza et al. Preliminary Objections, Merits and Reparations. Judgment. May 14, 2013.doc1.15 MB

Mendoza y otros. Excepciones Preliminares, Fondo y Reparaciones. Sentencia de 14 de Mayo de 2013.doc2.27 MB

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IACourt Documents8
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- Order of the President IACHR2
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