Table of Contents I INTRODUCTION OF THE THE CASE AND PURPOSE OF THE DISPUTE .......................................... 4 II PROCEEDINGS BEFORE THE COURT.......................................................................................... 5 III JURISDICTION ....................................................................................................................... 8 IV PRELINIMARY OBJECTIONS .................................................................................................... 8 A. Exception regarding the alleged failure to comply with the exhaustion of domestic remedies and request for review of legality .......................................................................... ¡ERROR! MARCADOR NO DEFINIDO. A.1. Arguments of the State and observations of the Commission and the representatives ............................. 8 A.2. Considerations of the Court............................................................................................................. 10 B. Exception on the alleged lack of jurisdiction of the Court to act as a fourth instance………………………..………………………………………………………………………………………………………..¡Err or! Marcador no definido. B.1. Arguments of the State and observations of the Commission and the representatives ............................ 12 B.2. Considerations of the Court............................................................................................................. 13 C. Exception regarding the alleged improper inclusion of Article 26 of the Convention in the case of Walter Antonio Valenzuela Cerna, Jean Aubert Díaz Alvarado and Marta Silvana Rodríguez Ricse......... 13 C.1 Arguments of the State and observations of the Commission and the representatives ............................ 13 C.2 Considerations of the Court ............................................................................................................ 14 V PRELIMINARY CONSIDERATIONS A. Factual Framework........................................................................................................................ 14 A.1 On the alleged improper inclusion in the ESAP of allegations regarding the alleged impact on rights not included on Admissibility Report No. 19/15, regarding Walter Antonio Valenzuela Cerna, Jean Aubert Díaz Alvarado and Marta Silvana Rodríguez Ricse ........................................................ 14 A.2.On the alleged improper inclusion of facts and allegations proposed by the representatives of Walter Antonio Valenzuela Cerna ..................................................................................................... 15 A.3.On the two preliminary observations presented by the state ………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………..16 VI EVIDENCE .............................................................................................................................. 16 A. B. Admissibility of documental evidence ........................................................................................... 16 Admissibility of the alleged victims’ statements, testimonial and expert evidence ....................... 19 VII FACTS .................................................................................................................................. 19 A. Relevant regulatory framework regarding the evaluation and ratification procedure for judges and prosecutors by the CNM .................................................................................... ¡Error! Marcador no definido. B. On the evaluation and ratification procedure of the alleged victims.................................................. 23 B.1 Regarding Jorge Luis Cuya Lavy ....................................................................................................... 23 B.2 Regarding Walter Antonio Valenzuela Cerna ....................................................................................... 24 B.3 Regarding Jean Aubert Díaz Alvarado ................................................................................................ 25 B.4. Regarding Marta Silvana Rodríguez Ricse.......................................................................................... 26 VIII MERITS............................................................................................................................... 27 VIII.1 RIGHTS TO JUDICIAL GUARANTEES, RIGHT TO PRIVACY AND POLITICAL RIGHTS, IN RELATION TO THE OBLIGATIONS TO RESPECT AND GUARANTEE RIGHTS, AND DUTY TO ADOPT PROVISIONS OF DOMESTIC LAW OF THE AMERICAN CONVENTION ........................................... 28 A. Arguments of the Commission and the parties ........................................ ¡ERROR! MARCADOR NO DEFINIDO. A.1. Right to judicial guarantees, judicial independence, right to expect duly substantiated decisions and the principle of legality ............................................................................................................................... 28 A.2. Regarding the right to know in advance and in detail the accusation made and to have adequate time and means to prepare a defense .................................................................................................................. 30 A.3. Political Rights............................................................................................................................... 31 B. Considerations of the Court ........................................................................................................... 32 B.1. The specific guarantees to safeguard the judicial independence of judges and their applicability to prosecutors due to the nature of the duties they undertake ....................................................................... 32 B.2. Duty to substantiate decisions ......................................................................................................... 35 B.3. Regardingthe right to know in advance and in detail the accusaiton made and to have adequate time and means to prepare a defense .................................................................................................................. 39 B.4. Political Rights.............................................................................................................................. 40 C. Conclusion ..................................................................................................................................... 41 VIII.2 THE RIGHT TO JUDICIAL PROTECTION, IN RELATION TO THE OBLIGATIONS TO RESPECT AND GUARANTEE THE RIGHTS AND THE DUTY TO ADOPT DOMESTIC LAW PROVISIONS OF THE AMERICAN CONVENTION ........................................................................................................... 42 A. Arguments of the Commission and the parties ......................................... ¡Error! Marcador no definido. 2