The facts of the case concern human rights violations suffered by Ms. I.V. as a result of having had a fallopian tube tied without her informed consent, as well as the subsequent lack of an effective judicial response to such events.

In its ruling, the Inter-American Court interpreted the rule of informed consent in the field of sexual and reproductive health, highlighting medical practices based on gender stereotypes that affect women's rights. Additionally, it analyzed the facts within the context of the protection of a women’s right to a life free of violence.

The Court also addressed access to justice in cases of violations of sexual and reproductive rights, in regards to non-discrimination guarantees.