3 8. In addition to the conventional basis provided by Article 63(2) of the American Convention, Provisional Measures are further reinforced by the general obligation of the States Parties, under Article 1(1) thereof, to respect and to ensure respect for the protected rights, without discrimination, of all persons under their respective jurisdiction. The broad scope of this general obligation, which also encompasses the provisional measures of protection, is analyzed in my recent Separate Opinion (paras. 15-21) in the Judgment of the Court in the Case of the girls Jean and Bosico v. República Dominicana (September 8, 2005), Separate Opinion (paras. 2-7 and 17-29) in the Judgment of the Court in the Case of the "Mapiripán Massacre" v. Colombia (September 15, 2005), and Separate Opinion (paras. 2-13) in the Case of the Pueblo Bello Massacre v. Colombia (January 31, 2006). The aforesaid Article 1(1) also provides the conventional basis for the obligations erga omnes partes under the Convention. 9. I have the feeling that, despite everything this Court has done for the evolution of the Provisional Measures of Protection - and, I insist, more than any other contemporary international court- there is still a long way to go. It is necessary to preserve the already considerable legacy of said measures under the American Convention. It is necessary to conceptually strengthen their legal framework, for the benefit of the protected persons and of the victims of non-compliance (notwithstanding the merits of the respective cases). This becomes even more imperative where - as is the case in this Matter of the Communities of Jiguamiandó and Curbaradó regarding Colombia- there are repeated acts of harassment and aggression (and even death threats), which reveal a growing pattern of aggression and violence, against persons that were already under the protection of provisional measures ordered by this Court. This is absolutely imperative in a world that has become dehumanized and devoid of values. 10. Provisional Measures of Protection, the development of which under the American Convention to date has been a true victory of Law, are, however, in my opinion, still very much in their infancy, at an early stage of evolution, and they will grow and strengthen even more as the universal juridical conscience awakens towards their complete conceptual refinement. International Human Rights Law has transformed the conception itself of these measures4 - from precautionary to protective-, thus revealing the current historical process of humanization of Public International Law5 also in this specific field. However, this process is still in progress. 11. It is necessary to proceed resolutely in this direction. It is imperative, in these days, that the next step be the development of their legal framework, and, within such . A.A. Cançado Trindade, “Address by the President of the Inter-American Court of Human Rights”, in Compendium of Provisional Measures (June 2001-July 2003), Volume No. 4, Series E, San José de Costa Rica, Inter-American Court of Human Rights, 2003, pp. V-XXII. 4 . Cf. A.A. Cançado Trindade, "La Humanización del Derecho Internacional y los Límites de la Razón de Estado" (The Humanization of Internacional Law and the Limits of the Reason of the State), 40 Revista da Faculdade de Direito da Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais - Belo Horizonte/Brazil (2001) pp. 11-23. 5