88
X
VIOLATION TO ARTICLE 4 (RIGHT TO LIFE)
OF THE AMERICAN CONVENTION IN RELATION TO ARTICLE 1(1) OF THE SAME
Arguments of the Commission
228. Regarding the alleged violation of Article 4 of the Convention, in relation to
Article 1(1) of the same, the Commission argued, in synthesis, the following:
“Lack of prevention and excessive use of force”
a)
there was an express lack of prevision of Peruvian authorities in
supervising and controlling inmates within the pavilions in which there was an
alleged resistance to the transfer, and in the permitting the entrance of
weapons;
b)
when initiating the operative the State did not recur to alternative
mechanisms tending to achieve a negotiated solution to the transfer or to
weakening the capacity of resistance of the inmates and expressly rejected
the intervention of the representatives of the International Red Cross
Committee, of the Episcopal Commission of Social Action, of the National
Human Rights Coordinator, and of the Inter-American Commission of Human
Rights. The State’s police officials employed, from the start of the operative,
excessive force and even warlike material that caused the partial destruction
of the pavilions object of the operative;
c)
all transfer action of detainees must be planned and controlled in order
to reduce to a minimum the use of force and the risks to the life and physical
integrity of the people involved, and it must have the necessary provisions in
order to determine the responsibilities of state agents that use their weapons;
d)
the legitimate use of public force implies, among other factors, that it
must be necessary and proportionate. The police and other officers in charge
of enforcing the law must protect the rights to life, liberty, and security of the
person, being able to employ force, only, in a case of direct or imminent
danger of death or injuries for the agents themselves or other people;
e)
to resist the entrance of police officers to the criminal center, some of
the inmates may have triggered fire weapons, with discrepancy between the
parties regarding the number, power, scope, and functionality of said
weapons. This situation cannot be clarified due to the irregular handling of
evidence and the partial destruction of the results of the investigation;
f)
the evidence provided by the State proves that the majority of the
fatal victims presented between 3 and 12 bullet wounds, some of these in
their lower extremities, and that other fatal and injured victims presented
injuries compatible with those produced by blunt or sharp objects and
lacerations that could be the consequence of beatings. Additionally, it has
been proven that the form in which the operative was carried out from its
beginning, employing explosives to knock down walls, and up to its
conclusion, with the partial demolition of pavilion 4B of the criminal center
Castro Castro, which process an disproportionate use of force, and in an